Metodologinių požiūrių pagrindimas tiriant individų migracinę patirtį

LTStraipsnyje migracija nagrinėjama kaip dinamiškas ir įvairialypis procesas, kurį lemia veiksnių kompleksiškumas bei daugiasluoksniškumas, skirtingose šalyse egzistuojančios įvairios priežasčių sąrankos, grindžiamos skirtingomis migracijos teorijomis. Pristatomi ekonominis ir sociologinis metodai (požiūriai) yra kaip metodologinis pagrindas, siekiant ištirti individų migracinę patirtį ir identifikuoti apsisprendimo migruoti motyvus. Šios metodų sistemos nėra siūlomos kaip alternatyvos, o veikiau kaip komplementarūs, tarpusavyje susiję požiūriai, įgalinantys nuodugniai ir visapusiškai išanalizuoti migracijos procesus ir vertinti tiriamąjį reiškinį tiek kiekybiškai, tiek kokybiškai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Ekonominė ir sociologinė prieigos; Ekonominė ir sociologinė prieigos, jas atstovaujančios migracijos teorijos; Migracija; Migracijos teorijos; Economic and sociological approaches; Economic and sociological approaches, migration theories representing them; Migration; Migration theories.

ENThe article reveals migration as a dynamic and versatile process determined by the complexity and multi-Iayeredness of factors, different sets of reasons existing in various countries and based on different migration theories. Different migration theories address this process in individual parts, by highlighting one or another aspect or presenting the general factors affecting the migration of individuals (demographic, cultural, political, economic, social, psychological, security, geographical, etc.), and thus pinpointing the absence of a systematic approach towards the phenomenon of migration. The economic and sociological approaches grounded on certain migration theories presented in the article serve as a methodological basis aiming to highlight the migration experience of individuals and to identify the motives of selfdetermination to migrate because the approaches are not brought forward as alternatives but rather as complementary inter-connected standpoints that enable a thorough and comprehensive analysis of migration processes, as well as the evaluation of the phenomenon under discussion in terms of both quantity and quality.The first part of the article focuses on the migration theories justifying the economic approach, which highlight the economic and social factors determining the individual's self-determination to flee one's native country, though they usually cover the factors that make individuals feel unsafe, incapable of maintaining their families, therefore, they try to fill the gap of the lacking income in other countries. The second part of the article presents the migration theories representing the sociological approach, which enable the focus on the mechanism of migration decision-taking, whereas the individual is treated as a social personality in pursuit of any opportunities that may generate certain profit to him / her or his / her family (theory of intervening opportunities) and who makes the decision to migrate under the influence of the network of relatives and friends (migration network theory), or affected by such factors as education, age, health and personality (human capital theory). [From the publication]

• Sociologija / Sociology
• Edukologija / Education