Viešoji lošimų politika : lošimų rinkos segmentavimo būtinybė

LTStraipsnyje, remiantis mikroekonomikos teorijomis bei lošimų turinio analize, ieškoma Lietuvos lošimų rinkos segmentavimo pagrindimo, siekiant tobulinti Lietuvos lošimų viešąją normatyvinę politiką, kuri dėl segmentų ypatingų bruožų turėtų būti specifinė kiekvienai lošimo rūšiai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Viešoji lošimų politika; Lošimų rinkos segmentavimas; Lošimų požymiai; Lošimų rūšys; Lošimų paklausa; Public gambling policy; Gambling market segmentation; Gambling features; Gambling types; Gambling demand.

ENGambling services market is characterized by their complexity: they contain private and public goods characteristics, external effects and are politically sensitive. Therefore, understanding the contents of these services is necessary for the effective delivery of public gambling policy. Lithuanian gambling market can be distinguished according the following types of market structure: 1) Monopolistic competition – a category B slot parlors and 2) Oligopoly – betting, casinos, and 3) A natural monopoly – the lottery. Gambling Regulatory Public Policy is looking for the cheapest ways and means for the state and society to regulate gambling activities. It is evident that if there are different types of market structures, so the ways and means of regulation must also be different. The main features of the gaming regulations concerning gaming content and features include: external effects of gaming activities as well as the scale of these effects, size of one stake, size of one winning during one gamble, duration of one gambling. The combination of these attributes determines the diversity of the price in gaming, while the latter reflects the risks of gambling: the higher the price of gambling the more likely you win or lose. The hypothetical demand curve shows a chance of a certain types of gambling marginal utility to user, which as a whole is a consumer demand. The highest marginal utility of a consumer gets to the left of point E. Moreover, that part of the demand curve is elastic to price. That means that lower prices will increase revenue from gambling. Therefore, organizers of gambling and lottery activities are interested to look for possibilities to reduce prices by offering gamblers the additional benefits of a variety of prices and lotteries organized by casino winnings.Elastic part of the demand curve is composed of large and financially strong companies that can withstand strong inner and foreign competition. Usually elastic demand determines that part of their activities are linked oligopolies and monopolies, because they have the possibility of restricting production, to stay out of the inelastic demand curve that is generally running to a monopolistic competition framework of what it practically cannot get excess profits. Public gambling policy should be based not only on general, but also on specific regulatory principles for a particular type of gambling. This means that the gaming market in terms of public policy should be normative in the distribution of betting, lotteries, casinos, category B gaming machines with limited prize and bingo. From here follows, that the legal framework should ensure separate legislation, for example, for the law of betting, lotteries law, casinos law, limited the winning slot machines law, sweepstakes law, the bingo law. While assessing the structure of such laws and their content so they should include the following parts: General provisions, State regulation of gambling, Order of supply of gambling services, Gambling surveillance and control. In the first part of the law there should be presented the types of gambling in general. Then there should be stated special regulatory provisions for specific game provisions. These and other game specificities are the framework of state regulatory and legal regulatory. Further there should be determined specific regulatory and regulatory measures as well as gambling surveillance and control of stakeholders’ (state, community, customer service agents) rights and obligations. [From the publication]