Lietuvos SSR KGB dezinformacinė veikla ir paslapčių apsauga 1954-1991 m.

LTStraipsnio uždavinys - atskleisti, kokias priemones taikė Lietuvos SSR KGB, siekdamas apsaugoti strategiškai svarbią informaciją, nuslėpti ją nuo priešininkų ir juos suklaidinti, nustatyti, kokie KGB padaliniai tai vykdė, bei įvertinti šių KGB priemonių padarinius ir veiksmingumą. Taip pat siekiama atskleisti ir įvardyti informaciją ir objektus, kurie buvo slepiami ne tik nuo užsienio specialiųjų tarnybų, bet ir nuo Lietuvos visuomenės. Slepiant arba maskuojant strategiškai svarbią informaciją apie įvairius ekonominius, karinius, mokslinius ir kultūrinius objektus, buvo siekiama ne tik ją apsaugoti, bet ir sudaryti palankias sąlygas skleisti dezinformacijai. Todėl būtina apžvelgti dezinformacijos metodo ypatybes ir taikymo specifiką. Išskirtina ideologinė dezinformacija kaip propagandos forma, skirta ne tiek Vakarų demokratinių valstybių specialiosioms tarnyboms, kiek formuoti atitinkamai lietuvių ir užsienio visuomenės viešajai nuomonei. Apibendrinant būtina įvertinti dezinformacijos metodo vietą tarp kitų KGB metodų, taikytų įgyvendinant užsienio ir vidaus politiką. Gal Lietuva ir nebuvo labai svarbi didžiųjų valstybių konfrontacijos kontekste, bet KGB darbas Lietuvoje rodo, kaip veikė dezinformacijos metodas, ir padeda įvertinti Lietuvos strateginę reikšmę. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: 1954-1991; Dezinformacija; KGB; Lietuvos KGB; Paslapčių apsauga; VSK; 1954-1991; Disinformation; KGB; Lithuanian KGB; Protection of secrets.

ENCompetition between the USA and USSR during the Cold War was concurrent with spying and protection of secrets. Those targets were implemented by various measures. Disinformation was an exceptionally important method among them. This method was very complicated, secret, reaching long-term aims and therefore difficult to detect. It was used to implement propaganda, intelligent and counterintelligence tasks. There were quite a few forms of disinformation, and it was used widely. It was very important in implementing Soviet policy. Soviet ideology and circumstances of international policy determined this importance. The Soviet secret police always had a section that supervised and controlled strategically important enterprises, branches of the economy and science, transport and offices. The KGB paid much attention to them, because they were supposed to be objects of interest of foreign intelligence. A very important aspect of the KGB counterintelligence work was the protection of very important information. It also supervised how secret documents were protected in strategically important objects. A company or a plant itself (or its department) was protected. Ihe KGB took some measures to make sure that stranger knew very little about its existence and purpose. The KGB also tried to deceive foreign intelligence by creating legends about strategic objects. The aim was to hide the true functions, the activities of the enterprises and its subordination to the military industry. Besides that, the KGB sought to protect secret information by toughening the control of movement of foreigners in Lithuania. Tourism and others exchanges with Western countries were under strict supervision of the KGB.The Communist Party and others ideological institutions, including the KGB, tried to represent its ideology and achievements as attractive and positive. That is why they used not only propaganda but also disinformation in Western countries. The Lithuanian KGB used propaganda and disinformation to create a positive view of Soviet Lithuania and its achievements. The KGB also used disinformation as one of the means to fight with the anti-Soviet opposition since the 1950s. KGB documents show the great efforts of the Soviet secret police to hide its secrets and mislead the opponents. However, those efforts were not always justified. Some information about secret work reached the West. Ideological disinformation was neutralized by the emigre activities for the liberation of Lithuania. Sometimes the KGB managed to slow down the process, but never paralysed it. [From the publication]