Švietimo kaip socialinio instituto transformacija modernios visuomenės kontekste (Lietuvos atvejis)

LTŠvietimo institutas modernioje visuomenėje yra vienas pagrindinių veiksnių, skatinančių ir užtikrinančių individo mobilumą. Švietimas turi tapti vienintele ir pagrindine priemone, padedančia iš bet kurio socialinio sluoksnio pakilti į aukštesnįjį. Modernybėje švietimo institutas turėtų tapti socialinio saugumo pagrindu, kad apsaugotų individą nuo įvairių socialinių rizikos veiksnių ateityje. Straipsnyje analizuojama modernybės ir vėlyvosios modernybės samprata, išskiriami pagrindiniai jos bruožai, taip pat nagrinėjama švietimo instituto įtaka moderniai visuomenei bei švietimo instituto transformacija modernioje Lietuvoje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Modernybė; Transformacija; Švietimo institutas; Educational institute; Modernity; Transformation.

ENThe modernity theories of western-type societies are understood as a process when a developing society approaches developed societies, reaching a certain level of economic growth, a certain level of public participation or a certain phase of democratic development, giving access for more individuals to the physical, social and economic mobility. In modern societies, the educational institution has become one of the key factors to ensure the stimulating and securing mobility of individuals. The modern world gives education a prominence in modern societies. Education has become a major means to climb up the ladder of social classes. Therefore, education has to be compulsory so that it prevents people from creating the social groups that could become non-integral, unaceptable to society. The aim of modern society is to provide equal opportunities to everyone to learn and meet the needs of the times. According to the modernity theory, the Institution of Education should become the basis of social security, protecting the individual from various social risks in the future. According to functionalists, each social element of society as a whole, including educational institutions, contributes to the stability of society. Summarizing various descriptions of the concept of a social institution in the literature, one can conclude that a social institution is an organized association of people who perform certain socially important functions through their social roles, or have common goals, values, norms and behaviour patterns.Social institutions can be strong or weak, regardless of people’s trust in them, nor the requirements of social life. It has been noted that in the scientific literature four major social institutions are usually identified: family, education, religion, and politics. The importance of the institutions in society depends upon the time and the country’s political and economic context. The process of institution-building in social life, acquisition of the well-established values is known as institutionalization. It takes place at all levels of social life, both in small groups and large organizations. A greater part of ordinary societal life occurs in specialized institutional situations. Today’s social institutions are quite independent, although they are connected by people who link themselves to a number of social institutions. Social institutions often compete among themselves, because each of them aims at managing the main social functions of society. Family, education, church, and government often compete by openly attempting to influence various groups of society. [From the publication]

• Sociologija / Sociology
• Edukologija / Education