Lietuvių etnomuzikologinė terminija kun. Antano Juškos (1819-1880) liaudies dainų rinkiniuose

LTStraipsnis yra skirtas etnomuzikologinės terminijos, vartotos vieno žymiausių XIX a. antrosios pusės lietuvių liaudies dainų užrašinėtojo, leidėjo bei tyrinėtojo kunigo Antano Juškos (Juškevičė, Juškevičius, 1819–1880), studijoms. Šis kunigas, mokslininkas, tautosakininkas XIX a. viduryje ypač daug lietuvių liaudies dainų užrašė kunigaudamas Veliuonos parapijoje bei gretimose panemunės apylinkėse. Savo raštuose jis atkreipė dėmesį į įvairias svarbias lietuvių liaudies dainų ypatybes. Šiuose tyrimuose nuodugniai analizuojama lietuvių liaudies dainų žanrinė sudėtis, kuriama jų klasifikavimo sistema. Kun. A. Juškos laikais lietuviškosios etnomuzikologinės terminijos žodynas dar nebuvo suformuotas, tad jam teko kurti naujus terminus bei tikslinti jų reikšmes. Kun. A. Juškos etnomuzikologinės terminijos studijos yra aktualios ir nūdienos mokslininkams – etnomuzikologams, lietuvių tradicinės muzikinės kultūros tyrinėtojams bei puoselėtojams. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Antanas Juška; Etnomuzikologija; Kun. Antanas Juška; Liaudies dainos; Rinkiniai; Terminija; Terminologija; Antanas Juška; Collections; Ethnomusicology; Folk songs; Lithuania; Priest Antanas Juška; Terminology.

ENOne of the most known scholars in the field of Lithuanian folk music research, at the middle and the second part of the 19th century, was the priest Antanas Juška (1819-1880). He was born in Daujotai, near Kaunas, died in Kazan, Russia. He was educated at Vilnius Priest Seminary, and had the priest services in Antazavė, Obeliai, Zarasai, Pušalotas, Lyduvėnai, and finally Vilkija parishes. In 1849 he started to collect the Lithuanian verbal folklore and folk songs, and did it all his life. The main part of his Lithuanian folk songs' collection was gathered in Veliuona localities, near Vilkija. All his life he was in good contact with his brother Jonas Juška, professor at Kazan University. Jonas helped him to publish the famous collections of Lithuanian folk songs, especially wedding ones, in Lithuanian language during the times of Russian tsar repressions, when Lithuanian printings were prohibited in the years 1864-1904. Jonas Juška finished the publication of all this collection by Antanas Juška, after his death in Kazan, in 1880. Brothers Antanas and Jonas this way published 'Lithuanian Folk Songs' (3 volumes) and 'Lithuanian Wedding Songs' (2 volumes), including full description of Veliuona district traditional wedding ceremonies. There were published almost 3.000 folk songs at all in those 5 volumes. Just in 1954-1955 years the 2-nd edition of all 5 presented here volumes was edited in Soviet Lithuania.The article is devoted to the peculiarities of ethnomusicological scientific terminology, used by A. Juška. He showed the rich pattern of the genre terminology of all the collected by him folk songs. He stressed the most important features of Lithuanian folk songs, admitted the importance of preserving and continuity of whole the Lithuanian ethnic culture for the future generations. The ethnomusicological terminology at that time was very short, and A. Juška had to create a lot of new definitions. His terminology is the very actual object for the contemporary studies of all the early Lithuanian ethnomusicological writings. [From the publication]