Paciento teisių ir pareigų reglamentavimas Lietuvoje

LTStraipsnyje apžvelgiamos asmens sveikatos priežiūros dalyvių (pacientų), pagrindinės teisės ir pareigos, jos susisteminamos, atskleidžiamas jų turinys. Supažindinama su paciento teisių ir pareigų reglamentavimu tarptautiniuose ir viršnacionaliniuose teisės aktuose, kuriuose dėstomos esminės teisės normos ir teisės principai, įtvirtinantys ir ginantys paciento teises (pareigas). Apžvelgiamas paciento teisių ir pareigų reglamentavimas Lietuvoje, nurodomi teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys bendras visai asmens sveikatos priežiūrai pacientų teises, taip pat aktai, laikomi specialiaisiais teisės aktais jų atžvilgiu, bei atskiras sveikatos priežiūros santykių grupes reglamentuojantys teisės aktai. Straipsnyje Pateikiamos susistemintos pagrindinės paciento teisės, atskleidžiamas jų turinys ir įgyvendinimo tvarka, aptariamas paciento pareigų reglamentavimas Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktuose, pateikiamas pavyzdinis susistemintų paciento pareigų sąrasas, kuris šiuo metu pakankamai plačiai taikomas asmens sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Informacija; Paciento teisės; Pacientų teisės ir pareigos; Sveikatos apsauga; Sveikatos teisė; Teisė į informaciją; Žalos sveikatai atlyginimas; Health care law; Health damage compensation; Healthcare; Information; Patients' rights; Patients' rights and responsibilities; Right to information.

ENThe present article is a theoretical analysis of the effective legal acts on the regulation of patients' rights (and duties) that are applied in the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania. Reference here is also given to such international and supranational instruments which determine the essential legal norms and principles for the establishment of patients' rights (and duties) and their protection, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989), Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (1997), Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000), et al. The article examines the specifics of the application of the legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania that regulate the rights and duties of patients that are common to the health care of a person in general as well as those that regulate individual groups of health care relationships. It is expected that the new draft Law on the "Rights of Patients and the Compensation for the Damage to Their Health" will provide an additional definition of important concepts; determine the cases for the recording of informed consent of a patient; modify the procedure for the examination of complains and disputes related with the compensation of damages. The regulation of patient's duties in the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania is insufficient and inadequate, as despite the fact that there is a codified and published collection of rights granted to patients, there are almost no duties established for the patients in respect of a health care institution that provides them with individual health care services. At present, individual health care institutions have various duties of patients and the procedure of their implementation determined in their internal regulations.The author presents a model list of systemised duties of patients. A patient is responsible for: arriving to an individual health care institution for diagnosing, treatment or any other health care purposes; presenting the relevant documents to prove his identity, possession of compulsory health insurance, representation of the patient, and other necessary documents and providing information about any other significant circumstances; complying with the rules established in the internal regulations of an individual health care institution or its structural subdivision and with the requirements of the treatment regime; providing the attending physician and nurse with accurate and complete information which is reasonably necessary for diagnosing the illness, condition or health problem and for the treatment of the patient; informing the attending physician and nurse about any unexpected changes in his condition that occur during the provision of health care services; complying with the orders or recommendations issued by the attending physician and nurse not only in respect of the treatment but also concerning prophylactics, nursing or continued treatment at home; certifying by his signature on medical documents any actions the performance of which has been permitted by the informed consent of the patient, or in any other cases provided for in the internal regulations (or other procedures) of the individual health care institution; avoiding any discriminating or degrading behaviour in respect of the personnel of the individual health care institution, its clients and the persons close to them; safeguarding the property belonging to the individual health care institution or entrusted for temporary use to its patient; providing payment in accordance with the submitted financial documents for the individual health care services; complying with the requirements of personal hygiene. [From the publication]