I membri della provincia lituana nella Compagnia di Gesù dopo il 1773

• Jėzaus Draugijos Lietuvos provincijos nariai po 1773 m
• Members of the Lithuanian province of the society of Jesus after 1773

LTPo pirmojo Abiejų Tautų Respublikos padalijimo 1772 m. Baltarusiją inkorporavus į Rusijos imperijos sudėtį, nedidelė Jėzaus Draugijos dalis - 201 jėzuitas 18-oje rezidencijų - atsidūrė Jekaterinos II stačiatikiškos imperijos teritorijoje. Tarp rezidencijų buvo ordino Lietuvos provincijos sudėtyje ligi tol gyvavusi Daugpilio kolegija su devyniais jai priklausančiais misijų namais; kitos rezidencijos priklausė Mazovijos provincijai. 1773 m. popiežiui Klemensui XIV kanoniškai panaikinus jėzuitų ordiną (brevė Dominus ac Redemptor), imperatorė uždraudė paskelbti popiežiaus nutarimą jos valdomose teritorijose. Taigi Jėzaus Draugija ir toliau legaliai egzistavo Rusijos imperijoje su savo nuostatais ir Konstitucijomis, tęsdama savo įprastinę veiklą kaip iki 1773 metų. [...] Pokyčius Rusijos imperijoje gyvuojančioje Draugijoje pradėjo pirmoji generalinė kongregacija, įvykusi 1782 m. Polocke. Ji nusprendė, kad ordinas egzistuoja legaliai, ir nustatė Draugijos identitetą. [...] Sutvarkytas kaip „Jėzaus Draugija Baltarusijoje" su centrine generalinio vikaro ir asistentų valdžia vienos provincijos, vadovaujamos provincijolo, teritorijoje, ordinas stengėsi - iš dalies sėkmingai - plėsti savo buvimą ir veiklą Baltarusijoje bei kitose caro valdomose teritorijose ir netgi už jų ribų. 1801 m. popiežius Pijus VII oficialiai patvirtino Draugijos egzistavimo legalumą Rusijos imperijoje (brevė Catholicaefidei). Ši provincija, ypatinga ir išskirtinė visoje Jėzaus Draugijos istorijoje, veiksmingai užtikrino senojo ordino ryšį su 1814 m. visame pasaulyje atkurtuoju. 1820-aisiais, praėjus vos šešeriems metams nuo Draugijos atkūrimo visame pasaulyje, caras Aleksandras pasirašė dekretą, kuriuo išvarė jėzuitus iš savo imperijos. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: "Jėzuitų ordinas Baltarusijoje"; Daugpilio jėzuitų kolegija; Jėzaus draugija (jėzuitai); Jėzuitų ordinas Rusijos imperijoje; Jėzuitų ordinas XVIII a. pabaigoje; Latvija (Latvia); Ordino Lietuvos provincija; Rusijos imperija (Russian Empire); "The Society of Jesus in Belarus"; College of Dinaburg (Daugavpils); Latvia; Lithuania; Lithuanian province of the Order; Russian empire; Society of Jesus (Jesuits); Society of Jesus in the Russian Empire; Society of Jesus in the end of Eighteenth century; Baltarusija (Belarus).

ENWith the incorporation of Belarus into the Russian empire as a result of the first partition of the Commonwealth of Both Nations in 1772, a small part of the members of the Society of Jesus - in total, 201 Jesuits in 18 residences - found themselves in the territory of the Russian Orthodox empire of Catherine II. Among the residences was the college of Dinaburg (Daugavpils) together with nine dependent mission houses, which formerly was part of the Lithuanian province of the Jesuit order; the other residences belonged to the province of Masovia. When Pope Clement XIV canonically suppressed the Jesuit order in 1773 (the brief Dominus ас Redemptor), the Empress forbade the promulgation of the papal decree in her realm. As a result, the Society of Jesus continued to operate legitimately in the Russian Empire with its rules and Constitutions intact, and continued its traditional activity as before 1773. The legitimacy of the orders survival basically resulted from the non-promulgation of the suppression brief, but this chance event was not the sole reason: it was supported by a series of positive papal acts, in which the survival was first tolerated, then approved, and finally, officially and solemnly confirmed. At first the Jesuits wanted to maintain the status quo, simply continuing the work that they had been carrying out before 1773. New developments in the life of the Society in the Russian empire occurred after the first General Congregation in Polotsk in 1782.It decreed the legitimacy of the orders existence and established the identity of the Society. It also decided to maintain the continuity of monastic life and the traditional structure of the order, and made a step towards consolidation. With the election of a vicar-general and the nomination of a provincial, the Order of St. Ignatius again presented itself in its customary form. Organised as "The Society of Jesus in Belarus" with its central government formed by the vicar-general and its assistants, in the territory of one province led by the provincial, the order attempted, with some success, to expand its presence and activities in Belarus and other dominions of the tsar and outside their boundaries. In 1801 Pope Pius VII officially approved the legitimacy of the Society of Jesus in the Russian empire (the brief Catholicae fidei). This province, which was exceptional and particular in the entire history of the Society of Jesus, effectively ensured the relation of the old order with the one that was restored in the entire world in 1814. In 1820, only six years after the general restoration of the Society of Jesus, Tsar Alexander signed a decree expelling the Jesuits from his empire. The author of the present paper seeks to follow and reconstruct the fates of the Lithuanian Jesuits of the college of Dinaburg who remained to work in the Russian empire after the suppression of the order, and to substantiate their role and contribution to the maintenance and development of the "Society of Jesus in Belarus". [text from author]