Litewskie nazwy zbóż

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Baltų kalbos; Etimologija; Grūdai; Grūdinių augalų pavadinimai, indoeuropiečių kalbos; Indoeuropiečių kalbos; Inovacijos; Rekonstrukcija; Skoliniai; Tarmybės; Veldiniai; Baltic languages; Borrowings; Cereals; Designations of cereal plants; Dialectisms; Etymology; Indo-European languages; Indoeuropean languages; Inherited words; Innovations; Loan-words; Reconstruction.

ENThe author presents a comprehensive study of the Lithuanian and Baltic vocabulary concerning the designations of cereal plants. He distinguishes three different groups of items: (a) words of Indo-European heritage (see Nos. 1-12), (b) possible dialectisms or borrowings (Nos. 13-15), (с) Common Baltic or East Baltic innovations (Nos. 1-4, 18-19). It is concluded that Lithuanian preserves many Indo-European terms for 'cereals' and demonstrates a number of the archaic appellatives, which are unknown in other Baltic (or Slavic) languages, e.g. Lith. šāpas, javas, mainos (Nos. 4, 8, 10). The Old Prussian names for 'millet' and 'wheat' (OPrus. prassan and gaydis, see Nos. 14-15) are also discussed and etymologically explained. The linguistic analysis is accompanied by lexical data. The material is compiled by analogy to dictionary entries (see Nos. 1-19), which offers the following information according to a unified structure: (A) Indo-European reconstruction with respect to relevant terminology comprising a detailed enumeration of forms in various branches of the Indo-European family; (B) basic bibliographical references; (C) comments concer­ning semantic and phonological problems; (D) the etymology of names, solved within the historical-comparative approach first and foremost (if not exclusively) on the basis of Indo-European languages. [text from author]