Vykdomosios valdžios sąvoka, funkcijos ir jos santykis su administracine teise

LTPo 1990 m. kovo 11 d. valstybės aparato darbas organizuojamas remiantis ne darbo padalijimo principu, o valdžių padalijimo doktrina. Dėl to mokslinėje literatūroje ir teisės aktuose pradėta plačiai vartoti mokslinė kategorija „vykdomoji valdžia”. Šis straipsnis ir skirtas šios kategorijos analizei. Demokratiją puoselėjančiose valstybėse vykdomoji valdžia yra neatskiriamas jos atributas. Todėl čia nagrinėjami ją apibūdinantys požymiai, padedantys atriboti vykdomąją valdžią nuo kitų valstybės valdžios rūšių, analizuojamos jos funkcijos bei jų pagrindu formuluojama vykdomosios valdžios definicija, aptariamas jos santykis su administracine teise, kurią galima laikyti svarbiausiu vykdomosios valdžios „palydovu” teisės sistemos kontekste. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Administracinė teisė; Konstitucinė teisė; Vykdomoji valdžia; Administrative law; Constitutional law; Executive authority; Executive power.

ENAfter restoration of independence the work in the State machinery is organized according to the doctrine of the division of powers, instead of the principle of the division of work. To this end a new scientific term of „executive authority” was introduced and appeared in the scientific literature and legal acts. In creating a legal state it is important to define the subject matter of the type of each national authority. The principle of division of powers creates preconditions for the analysis of a new social phenomenon in the state management practice of Lithuania, the so–called „executive authority”. At the beginning of analysis the features and functions of this phenomenon are distinguished, since their entirety allows to provide full description of this phenomenon. For the purposes of scientific literature the term of „administrative authority” is used in terms of „executive authority”. The prominent features of the executive authority are as follows: pluralism; dependence upon the authority being represented; organizational aspect; permanent activities; authority with numerous implementing institutions and its staff characteristic; this is a regulatory authority. This article also deals with the functions of the executive authority. They are classified into two levels: the principal and secondary.The principal level covers the key functions of global importance for the life of the whole community, that is: ensuring public order and public security; regulatory– managerial; protection of human rights and freedoms. The ancillary functions are used as organizational–technical, creating conditions for the implementation of the principal functions: legislative, implementation, jurisdictional. The process of evolution of the division of powers conditioned close relationship between the executive authority and administrative law which establishes legal regulation of this type of authority. In practice it is realized within the framework of public relations regulated under administrative legal norms. [Text from author]