Terorizmo grėsmė kaip teisėsaugos institucijų integraciją skatinantis veiksnys

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos terorizmo, kaip tarptautinio iššūkio Lietuvos nacionaliniam saugumui, grėsmės įtaka teisėsaugos institucijų teisinės padėties ir jų valdymo galimiems pokyčiams. Keliama hipotezė, kad kovos su terorizmu ir kitais pavojais nacionaliniam saugumui kontekste atsiranda teisėsaugos centralizavimo ir stiprinimo tendencijos, aktyvėja teisėsaugos institucijų žvalgybinė ir kontržvalgybinė veikla. Centralizavimo tendencijos lemia vadinamųjų „jėgos struktūrų“ stiprėjimą, jų teisių plėtrą, padeda įgyti didesnę įtaką politinei valdžiai ir silpnina jų parlamentinės kontrolės galimybes. Savo ruožtu tai gali kelti didesnį žmogaus teisių ir laisvių (ypač teisės į privataus ir šeimos gyvenimo gerbimą) pažeidimų pavojų. Analizuojamos teisėsaugos institucijų sistemos centralizavimo ir decentralizavimo galimybės ir prielaidos. Pateikiamos atitinkamos išvados ir rekomendacijos. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Integracija; Teisėsaugos institucijos; Terorizmas; Terorizmo grėsmė; Integrating factor; Law enforcement agences; Law enforcement agencies; Terrorism; Terrorist threat; Terrorist threat, law enforcement.

ENThe article considers influence of terrorist threat as an international challenge to the Lithuanian national security towards management of law enforcement institutions and possible changes in their legal status. A thesis is raised stating that due to fight against terrorism and other threats to national security, the trend for centralisation and strengthening of law enforcement emerges, activities related to intelligence and counter-intelligence are getting increasingly active. Trend of centralisation conditions the strengthening of the so-called "power structures", their legal development, enables greater influence towards the political structures and weakens possibilities for their parliamentary control. In turn, it can raise a greater danger of infringements of human rights and freedoms (in particular the right to private life and family life). Opportunities and conditions for centralisation and decentralisation of the system of law enforcement institutions are being analysed. Appropriate conclusions and recommendations are being presented. It is stated in the conclusions that law enforcement institutions have a specific role in preventing terrorist threats. The institutions in question carry out measures of anti-terrorism and intelligence, guard objects of potential terrorist threat, investigate terrorist acts, seek to disclose organisers and perpetrators. In such case the state has to undertake to strike balance between measures that law enforcement and military forces employ to combat threats and dangers to the national security, and standards for protection of human rights. If the legislation is being drafted hastily and in bad quality, a number of irreversible mistakes is usually made. Moreover, legislation is usually drafted and adopted on the basis of expedience, while paying little attention to legitimacy and other Constitutional principles.However, such model should be developed by integrating law enforcement institutions. It is also proposed in the conclusions that the Code on Law Enforcement should be adopted encompassing not only the issues of establishment of law enforcement institutions and their national administration but also issues of their administrative and operative action. [From the publication]