Techninių priemonių panaudojimas baudžiamojo proceso veiksmams fiksuoti

LTStraipsnyje aptariama baudžiamojo proceso veiksmų fiksavimo samprata, būdai, formos, analizuojami jų trūkumai ir pranašumai. Kadangi galiojantis baudžiamojo proceso įstatymas kaip pagrindinį proceso veiksmų eigos ir rezultatų fiksavimo būdą pripažįsta tik protokolavimą, plačiau analizuojami šio fiksavimo būdo ypatumai, nagrinėjama, ar šį fiksavimo būdą tam tikrais atvejais galėtų pakeisti techniniai fiksavimo būdai. Straipsnyje plačiai nagrinėjama galimybė proceso veiksmams fiksuoti naudoti vien tik technines priemones, analizuojama, kokia yra panaudojant technines priemones gautų rezultatų įrodomoji reikšmė, šiuo aspektu analizuojami užsienio valstybių baudžiamojo proceso įstatymai ir mokslininkų nuomonės. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Proceso veiksmai; Protokolavimas; Techninė priemonė; Techninės priemonės; Tyrimo veiksmas; Criminal procedure actions; Investigative action; Recording; Technical measure; Technical measures.

ENThe paper discusses the concept, methods, means, together with their advantages and disadvantages, of recording criminal procedure actions. In criminal procedure to record actions and results of the pre–trial investigation and court proceedings various means are used, namely, symbolic, material, visual and graphical. However, symbolic recording, i.e. data description by using symbols, is most widely used. This type of means is realized by making statements and sound recordings.According to Lithuanian criminal procedure law, making statements (i.e. description) is acknowledged as the only way to record procedural actions, while other means of recording are alternative and could not replace the statement. Due to subjective factors found in recording by making statements, only those details that seem to be significant in the case to an officer are recorded. Also, pieces of important information can be left unrecorded, or the recorded data can be distorted. Moreover, not all kinds of information can be recorded in a verbal form, or due to different meanings of words, statements can be misinterpreted. Therefore, recording by making statements does not always guarantee a full, detailed and adequate representation of facts established during procedural actions. In comparison, technical methods of recording do not have such drawbacks. After analyzing foreign criminal procedure laws, scientists’ opinions and practical needs, it is suggested to allow using technical means in recording procedural actions.Thus, certain amendments should be made in the articles of Criminal Procedure Code according to which, in case technical means of recording is used, descriptive statements should be shortened and carry only an additional meaning. In addition, statements should be considered as enclosures containing information about the date, time and place of procedural action, the persons who took part, the used technical means, and conditions in which those means were used, while all information on the course and results of procedural action should be recorded and put in certain information storing devices. In this way, a unified recording by making statements and using technical devices could be maintained and statements would become necessary, but at the same time not the most important, attribute in procedural actions. [From the publication]