Teisės konstitucionalizavimo dinamika

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos problemos, susijusios su teisės konstitucionalizavimu. Konstatuojama, kad, nors teisės konstitucionalizavimas yra de jure konstitucinės prigimties, tačiau tokia teisės raida objektyviai susiduria su probleminiais aspektais. Pabrėžiama, kad teisės konstitucionalizavimo dinamiką tik menkai nulemia konstitucinės justicijos institucijų veikla. Konstatuojama, kad teisinio reguliavimo dinamiškumas ir subjektų, galinčių inicijuoti konstitucingumo patikrą, aktyvumas yra tie šaltiniai, kurie turi įtakos šio proceso spartai ir mastui. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Teisės konstitucionalizavimas; Konstitucinės justicijos institucija; Teisinis reguliavimas; Constitucionalization of laws; Constitutional justice institution; Legal regulation.

ENConstitutionalisation of law can be understood doubly: (a) as a process as well as (b) a result of this process. In the foremost case constitutionalization is a process, during which any norm, being an integral part of the legal norm system, can be verified in the aspect of its constitutionality. Exceptionality and significance of the process of constitutionalization of law influences a paradigm concept of the conception of law itself. Constant possibility of the verification and the verification itself are the permanent features of the functionality of monocentric legal norms system. In the second case constitutionalization of law is understood as a spread and expression of provisions, principles and values entrenched in the result of constitutional verification and in the constitution itself, throughout the system of legal norms. Basics of the constitutionalization of law are in the constitution itself. Constitution is the foundation and form of the legitimacy of law constitutionalization process. Constitutional provisions entrench that material and formal mattery of constitutionalization process. Constitution (a) founds governmental institutions and institutes checks and balances system in their interaction; (b) constitution sets subordination among legal acts, which settles not only the legal power of particular legal acts, but also defines the adoption procedure for those acts. There are entrenched in the constitutions of countries: (c) possibility of constitutional control as well as the principles of this procedure. Ultimately here (d) the institutions which assure the constitutionality of legal acts (Constitutional Courts, Constitutional Councils, Constitutional Tribunals, Supreme Courts, etc.) are being identified.In the process of constitutionalization of law constitution ceases to be only a digest of “good advices”, whereas it fully realizes its regulation powers in influencing any norm of legal system and through this – institutions of the government as well as society itself. Constitutionalization of law ruins closure barriers of all and every area of law as well Summaryas any theoretical illusion on its self-sufficiency. Constitutionalization of law is the highest stage of the development of legal norms system; during the course of this development any legal norm of any area of law, of any institute of law must not only declaratively correspond to the legal act of higher juridical power, i.e. “ascending” in juridical power – constitution, but the verification of correspondence during this process becomes a permanent and systemic phenomenon. Materiality of the constitutionalization of law is expressed by the exceptional features of this process, precisely: (a) inevitability of the constitutionality verification, (b) permanence of the constitutionality verification; (c) quantity of the legal acts under verification. Paradoxical aspect of the law constitutionalization process should be noted. Even though constitutionalization proceeds when institutions of constitutional justice execute control on legal acts legitimacy, still intensity of legal system constitutionalization is not being determined by the constitutional justice institution. Other subjects of legal relations having authorities to apply to the constitutional justice institutions on the constitutionality of legal act, they are those who determine the degree of the intensity.Successful actualization of law constitutionalization processes illustrates the level of legal consciousness of separate society members as well as their institutional preparation to accept realities of constitutionalization as a value and not as an inevitable obligation. This phenomenon has to mature for the scientific doctrine as well as in an institutional way. Naturally constitutionalization of legal system constantly evolutes, it never reaches perfection as much as the process of constitutional interpretation never ends. On the other hand profound level of constitutionalization of law says a lot about the quality of legal contemplation and legal state. States of Eastern Europe, including Lithuania, constantly experiences the materiality of this process. However a lot of time and patience shall be required to reach the same conclusions as many world countries have reached. Conclusions, that constitutionalization is a natural way of the functionality of legal system, that it is a measure to ensure materiality of human rights and freedoms, and its comprehensive reflection in ordinary law. [From the publication]