Administracinės teisės ypatingosios dalies metodologiniai pagrindai

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos administracinės teisės ypatingosios dalies mokslinių tyrimų problematika. Apžvelgiama kai kurių užsienio valstybių teisės mokslo literatūra ypatingosios administracinės teisės klausimu, svarstoma, kokiu mastu ši patirtis galėtų būti pritaikyta rengiant vadovėlį ar išsamesnę monografinę studiją. Pateikiama nuomonė apie galimus tokios studijos turinio struktūros kriterijus ir būsimų administracinės teisės ypatingosios dalies institutų principinį turinį. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Administracinė teisė; Teisės mokslo literatūra; Lietuvos vyriausiasis administracinis teismas; Lithuanian administrative law; Scientific legal literature; Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania.

ENIn this article it is discussed according to which objective criteria one might drafted a textbook or a monograph of the special part of Lithuanian administrative law. In the first part of the article the investigations of special administrative law fulfilled by legal scientists in Germany, Poland and Russia are described in a comparative aspect. A conclusion is drawn that this law is described differently in different states. In the Russian legal science by tradition it is understood as a regulation of administrative relations in the economic, social cultural and administrative political spheres. The German special administrative law comprises municipal law, law of police and public order, law of rule of economy, law of building, law of nature protection, law of state service, law of casework, law of transport. Material administrative law in the Republic of Poland is understood as law of citizenship, law of public health, law of alcohol and narcotics control, law of nature protection, law of building and territorial layout, law of public order protection. The contents of these parts of administrative law differ, as well. For example, special parts of administrative law of the Russian Federation are described according to the following principal scheme: 1) organisational legal forms of administration; 2) legal status of enterprises and organizations; 3) relation between federal administration and autonomy; 4) state control. Textbooks of special administrative law published in Germany and Poland present notedly more universal and thorough information about this law.In the second part of this article it is stated that the methodological basis of a textbook of the special part of Lithuanian administrative law might partly be the jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania. This Court in its Bulletin publishes the information about rulings in cases of individual administrative dispute in a partially systematized manner, e. g. there are grouped cases on disputes regarding building issues, cases on migration, cases on disputes in state service, etc. However, not a small part of this Court’s practice is published in the Bulletin’s chapter “Other Cases of Administrative Disputes”. Thus, supplementary objective criteria to describe special administrative law are necessary. In the opinion of the author of this article, such an essential criterion might be the peculiarities of positive regulation in a concrete sphere of public relations, and the specifics following from this regulation of interpretation and appliance of positive norms. According to this criterion the following will belong to the special administrative law: 1) civil service law (specific legal regulation of the status of civil servants, involving statutory civil servants as well); 2) local municipality law, having such peculiarities as regulation of local levies or, for example, legal status of communities of municipalities’ residents; 3) law of building and territorial layout (involving regulations of building, duty to negotiate with residents); 4) environmental law, marked by a special requirement to apply norms of the Orhus Convention when protecting public interests, as well as by the principal “a polluter pays”); 5) law of supervision of economy subjects, having the peculiarity to apply economic sanctions to the trade subjects, a principle of minimal and proportional supervision.The third part of the article deals with the content of the future institutes of the special administrative law. In the opinion of the author, in every case it would be advisable to present the conception of a corresponding institute, to point out the unanimous objective features of this institute. Every institute would involve a corresponding doctrinal jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, as well as the practice of the Supreme Administrative Court of Lithuania when interpreting and applying legal norms and principles constituting this institute. The opinion of the author of the article is that in order a textbook or a monograph had a long-lasting value, the regulation determined in acts of positive administrative law would not be expatiated, as this regulation is often changed. [From the publication]