Mokėjimo sistema LITAS : dabartis ir perspektyva

LTPastaruosius kelis dešimtmečius pastebima finansų rinkų plėtra. Šią plėtrą labiausiai lėmė technologijų raida, finansų rinkų reglamentavimo panaikinimas ir naujų finansinių instrumentų atsiradimas. Finansų rinkų plėtra lemia mokėjimo sandorių tarp šalių ir šalies viduje skaičiaus didėjimą. Todėl reikėtų pamąstyti apie mokėjimo sistemas, jų veiklos efektyvumą lemiančius veiksnius, nes šiandienos finansų pasaulis yra neįsivaizduojamas be efektyviai ir sklandžiai veikiančios mokėjimo sistemos. Straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti mokėjimo sistemos LITAS svarbą tarpbankiniams atsiskaitymams ir numatyti veiklos tobulinimo kryptis. Naudoti metodai: statistinė analizė ir apibendrinimai, SSGG ir lyginamoji analizė. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Bankininkystės sektorius; Mokėjimo sistema LITAS; Mokėjimo sistemos; SSGG analizė; Banking sector; LITAS payment system; Payment system; Payment system LITAS; Payment systems; SWOT analysis.

ENThe object of the article is the role of payment systems in interbank settlements and a set of the system activity refinement. The LITAS payment system started its operation on 19 January 2004. LITAS is designed to process payment instructions in real time and at a designated time. The system processes credit and debit transfers. The Bank of Lithuania is the owner and the operator of the system. LITAS provides the cash leg of security transactions in real and at designated time following the DvP (delivery versus payment) principle. It also establishes a possibility for other payment systems to perform settlements through the accounts of their participants with the Bank of Lithuania. Various credit, liquidity and operational risk management measures are applied in the LITAS system. The successful activity of the payment system LITAS was suspended on 28 January 2007. Two new payment systems – LITAS-RLS and LITAS-MMS – started operating on 29 January 2007. This decision was related with the aspiration of the Bank of Lithuania to integrate the new systems into the European payment system TARGET2. The payment system LITAS-RLS was designed for the real-time processing of payment orders in litas, initiated by its participants. It also offers conditions for the final settlement of ancillary systems. All participants of the system may initiate credit transfers.The LITAS-MMS payment system was designed for the processing of payment orders in litas initiated by its participants at a designated time. Although the LITAS-MMS system is oriented towards the retail payment market, it performs the function of a clearing house. The SWOT analysis carried out by the LITAS payment system showed that the principal advantages of the system include its conformity to the international practice, low unit prices of services, an effective risk management system, domination of the system itself in the market and a high quality of services. Its imperfections include a lack of public information, unclear future of the system and a considerable variability. The most important potentials of the system include the continuity of operation, the growing market and the exclusivity of the image. The principal dangers that may menace the LITAS system include the liquidation of the system, possible new competitors, pressing of market participants. The article presents a comparative analysis of the payment systems, Bank of Lithuania statistics information about payment transfers, their structure and dynamics, real time and designated time transfer cumulative curves, which helps to regulate the money flows in the payment system. An analysis has shown that the operation of the LITAS system was successful. This fact encourages stating that the direction of the activities chosen by the operator of the system was correct. The article presents final remarks about the Lithuanian LITAS payment system and suggestions how to improve its activity and safety. [From the publication]

• Vadyba / Management
• Ekonomika / Economics