Šiuolaikinės istoriografijos pokyčiai : Jörno Rüseno koncepcija

LTStraipsnyje aptariama šiuolaikinio vokiečių istoriko ir istoriografijos teoretiko Jörno Rüseno, ne kartą apsilankiusio ir Lietuvoje, istoriografijos koncepcija. Apžvelgiama Rüseno mąstymo sklaida istoriografijos tradicijoje. Rüsenas tęsdamas vokiečių tradiciją apmąsto istoriografijos procesus, laiko sampratą istorijoje ir žmogaus kultūrines orientacijas. Jo istoriografijos koncepcija padeda atskleisti šiuolaikinės istoriografijos pokyčius, istorikų požiūrį į istorinius faktus, objektyvumą ir metodinį racionalumą. Rüsenas iškyla kaip nuosaikus vokiškosios hermeneutikos tęsėjas ir modernios bei postmodernios minties derintojas. Straipsnyje dėmesys skiriamas Rüseno išplėtotai istorinės sąmonės sampratai ir istorinio pasakojimo tipologijai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Istorijos teorija; Istorinis pasakojimas; Istoriografija; Istoriogrfija; Jornas Rusenas; Historial theory; Historical narrative; Historiography; Historiorical narration; Jorn Rusen; Theory of history.

ENThe most important aspect in the research of the contemporary German historian and historiography theoretician Jörn Rüsen (b. 1938) is the philosophy and culture of history, humanism, the links between cultures and the politics and aesthetics of history. Rüsen’s historiography conception is discussed in this article in line with modern and postmodern thought. The greatest attention is directed towards historical consciousness, the typology of historical narrative, and the possibility of adapting it to Lithuanian literature. Rüsen assigns four historical narrative styles: traditional, representative, critical and genetic. The most important accents are based on historical facts, objectivity, methodical rationalism, a variety of interpretations and the ability to relate how it really was. Rüsen perceives the truth as a matter that involves agreement determined by functions of cultural orientation, rational arguments, moral and spiritual needs. Objective narrative is no longer possible in postmodern discourse. However Rüsen believes that in connecting storytelling with cultural experience we can aim for objectivity. He also believes that three time dimensions are important in the interpretation of historical narration – the past, the present and the future. Rüsen proposes that history is like a mirror from the past into which a contemporary person looks in, wanting to know something of the future. [From the publication]