Europos vietos savivaldos chartijoje įtvirtintų principų įgyvendinimo vietos savivaldoje ir inkorporavimo nacionalinėje teisės sistemoje ypatumai

LTStraipsnyje akcentuojamas Europos vietos savivaldos chartijos reikšmingumas Lietuvos nacionalinei teisės sistemai. Lietuva, ratifikavusi chartiją, ne tik pripažino, bet ir įsipareigojo įgyvendinti jos nuostatas. Chartiją sudaro 13 straipsnių, išreiškiančių vietos savivaldos esmę, kurių turinyje yra įtvirtinta principinė vietos savivaldos paskirtis visuomenei. Todėl vietos savivaldos raiškos principai turi būti ne tik deklaratyviai perkelti į nacionalinę teisės sistemą, bet ir būtina jais vadovautis. Straipsnyje tyrinėjamas atskirų Chartijoje įtvirtintų principų turinys, jų pasireiškimo nacionalinėje teisės sistemoje laipsnis. Teigiama, kad, skirtingai suvokiant viešųjų interesų paskirtį, tarp vykdomosios ir vietos valdžios kyla teisinių ginčų. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Europos vietos savivaldos chartijos principai; Finansinė nepriklausomybė; Subsidiarumas ir decentralizacija; Vietos savivalda; Vykdomoji ir vietos valdžia; Executive and local government; Finance autonomy; Local self-government; Subsidiary and decentralization; The principles of the European Charter of Local Government; The principles of the European Charter of Local Self-Government.

ENarticle emphasizes the importance of the Charter of Local Self-Government to the Lithuanian national legal system. Lithuania has ratified the Charter, not only acknowledged, but also committed to implement its provisions. The Charter consists of 13 items representing the essence of local self-government, which sets the content and is the principal purpose of local public. The principles should be not only a declaratory move into the national legal system, but also recognized as a state’s obligation to follow them. The article analyzes the content of the Charter principles, their incorporation level in the national legal system. During the study noted that between the executive and local authorities are the differences of interpreting and dysfunctions implemented a few principles of the Charter: subsidiary and decentralization, local government financial autonomy and the freedom of formation executive local bodies.The authors provide the following conclusions. The fundamental principles of the Charter of local self-government in the national legal system are incorporated differently. They also differ in their practice implementation of the executive and local government. Some principles are clearly governed by Lithuanian laws and they are followed in practice, other principles are of a low degree of implementation or interpretation perceived controversial among scientists and politicians. There are the gaps between good intentions and implementation of decentralization process in the programs of political parties. Such a situation leads to excessive centralization of management, from top management to local authorities, all spheres of government, for example at the economic, organizational, legal level and etc. The limitations of taxes and fees reduce the financial autonomy of municipalities. Municipalities have a lot of untapped reserves, increase income and to actively participate in urban and regional development project funding. If local self-government will have greater financial autonomy in formatting the local budget, it will be able to implement regional and local socio-economic development plans. Public opinion and political decisions suggest that it is appropriate to reform the local governance structures, creating opportunities for voters to directly elect the executive power representatives of local government, i.e. mayors. [From the publication]