Veiksniai įtakojantys asmens apsisprendimą pradėti verslą

LTStraipsnyje pateiktos verslininkystės paklausos ir verslininkystės pasiūlos sampratos, išskirtos vidinių ir išorinių veiksnių grupės, įtakojančios asmens apsisprendimą būti verslininku. Aprašyti galimi įsitraukimo į verslą keliai. Atlikta veiksnių, įtakojančių lietuvių apsisprendimą tapti verslininku, analizė lyginant juos su kitomis ES šalimis. Pristatomos galimos tolimesnių tyrimų kryptys. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Verslininkystės pasiūla; Verslininkystės paklausa; Verslo pradžią įtakojantys veiksniai; Entrepreneurship supply; Entrepreneurship demand; Factors influencing business start-up.

ENMany scientists try to analyze factors influencing the business start-up process. It is obvious that in nowadays economy the level of entrepreneurship allows a country to obtain competitive advantages. The European Commission in a Green paper on "Entrepreneurship in Europe" focuses on a question about businesses growing among Europeans. At a time when governments are facing the challenge of how to revive their economies, fostering entrepreneurship could be one of the main stimuli to raise the employment level. Initiatives aimed towards improvement of entrepreneurship should consider various factors. And finding a proper one is a big challenge. Meanwhile in Lithuania the analysis on factors of business start-up, main challenges and obstacles still lacks attention. The authors in this paper aim to define the main factors influencing the person's decision to start business. This goal is disclosed in the main objectives as: to analyze the concepts of "entrepreneurship supply" and "entrepreneurship demand" and to define the main factors influencing them; to investigate the main factors among Lithuanians and compare them with the other EU countries; to prepare recommendations for future research on business start-up factors. The research object is factors influencing business start-up. The main methods used in the paper are: analysis of scientific literature, systemic and logical analysis, and statistical analysis. The paper consists of three parts: theoretical, research results and recommendations. The analysis of scientific literature revealed that many authors define two major groups of factors influencing the decision of a person (a potential entrepreneur) to start a new business: inside and outside factors.Inside factors are: knowledge, personal characteristics, personal experience and skills. All together these factors form "Entrepreneurship supply". The main outcome of it is "a potential entrepreneur" having some kind of entrepreneurial competence. Another group, outside factors, is defined by the term "Entrepreneurship demand" (image of an entrepreneur, entrepreneurship infrastructure, administrative and tax surrounding, educational policy). The main result of it is a possibility to start business. "A potential entrepreneur" must evaluate his personal entrepreneurial competence and investigate business surrounding as well as entrepreneurship culture in order to make a decision about business start-up. There are two main ways to enter into entrepreneurship - "necessity business start-up" (when an entrepreneur starts business because of negative considerations) and "opportunity business start-up" (when an entrepreneur starts business after the evaluation of personal competences and business surrounding). The research of factors influencing Lithuanians to start business was performed by investigating statistical data on the entrepreneurship level in EU (prepared by the European Commission). The survey results revealed that some of them - negative image of an entrepreneur and the main way to start business - are worse than the average level in the EU countries because of necessity. These factors influence business quality on the organizational and the country level. In order to evaluate more precisely and qualitatively the reasons for business start-up the authors suggest possible ways for further research: research on entrepreneurial competences; research on earlystage entrepreneurship (new companies up to 3 years) and research on "entrepreneurship climate" and "entrepreneurship activity". [From the publication]