Profesoriaus Mykolo Romerio de lege ferenda nuostatos administracinio teismo klausimu ir jų atspindys dabartinėje Lietuvos teisėje

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama Mykolo Romerio mokslinių nuostatų ir profesoriaus iki 1940 m. atliktų Administracinio teismo įstatymo projektų turinio vertinimų įtaka dabartinei Lietuvos administracinės justicijos sanklodai. Lyginamuoju aspektu tiriama, kokia apimtimi M. Romerio idėjos atsispindi Lietuvos Respublikos administracinių bylų teisenos įstatyme bei Teismų įstatyme. Analizuojama, kiek dabartinės įstatymų nuostatos yra gyvybingos ir kokie būna subjektyvūs šių nuostatų įgyvendinimo kliuviniai. Pateikiami vertinimai ir tų su administracine justicija besisiejančių reguliavimo sričių, kurios neatsispindėjo iki 1940 m. Valstybės Tarybos ir tuometinio Seimo komisijos rengtuose Administracinio teismo įstatymo projektuose – ikiteisminis administracinių ginčų sprendimas, siūlymai siaurinti administracinių teismų kompetenciją perduodant administracinės atsakomybės taikymo ginčus bendriesiems teismams, mediacijos taikymo galimybės Lietuvos administraciniame procese. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Administraciniai ginčai; Administraciniai ginčai, teisėjų nepriklausomumo garantijos; Administracinis teismas; Teisėjų nepriklausomumo garantijos; Administrative court; Administrative disputes; Administrative tribunal, administrative disputes, guarantee the independence of judges; Guarantees of judges independence.

ENIn this article the influence of scientific attitudes of Prof. Mykolas Romeris upon modern administrative justice of Lithuania is investigated by historic and comparative aspects. In the first part of article the Professor’s ideas, stated in the fundamental monograph "Administrative Court", published in Kaunas, in 1928, about the foundation of the Administrative court are reviewed. Here are also pointed out Prof. M. Romeris’ principal, alternative and critical notes concerning the draft of the Law of Administrative Court, made by the Seimas (Parliament) Committee on April 1940. As due to historical circumstances of that time the Law was not passed, in the second part of this article the author proposes the analysis of which ideas of Prof. M. Romeris and to what ambit they were reflected in the Republic of Lithuania Law on the Proceedings of Administrative Cases enacted in 1999, and improved in 2000. The conclusion is made that in this case almost all principle attitudes of Prof. M. Romeris on the organizing the Administrative court and its competence were realized in this Law. It is also stated that the Law mentioned also embedded some other norms, e.g. the possibility to settle a dispute in a pretrial way in Administrative Disputes Commissions. In the third part the efficiency of Prof. M. Romeris’ ideas is discussed. The author gives some notices and estimations on implementation of the principle of independence of administrative courts and that of judges.Some examples are given, when state’s politicians or public administration subjects tried to make an influence on judges of administrative courts concerning the decisions they make, and thus the conclusion is made that under these circumstances judges must react in the way provided by laws. It is presented the author’s point of view concerning an offering to abridge the competence of administrative courts by transmitting disputes regarding the decisions in the cases of administrative violations to courts of general competence. There is also discussed the issue of qualification requirements of judges of administrative courts. In this part of the article there is also presented the author’s critical point of view concerning the attempt to unite the Chief Administrative Disputes Commission and the Tax Disputes Commission, as well as the opinion about the legal status of the County Administrative Disputes Commissions after the 1st July 2010 county management reform. [From the publication]