Nauji Žygimanto Augusto rūmai Vilniaus Žemutinėje pilyje ir jų koncepcijos paralelės : Birutė Rūta Vitkauskienė

LTPateikiami nauji duomenys apie statybas Vilniaus žemutinėje pilyje, remiantis Varšuvoje išlikusiomis Žygimanto Augusto dvaro sąskaitomis. Atskleidžiama 1544–1548 m. Žemutinės pilies teritorijoje pastatytų pastatų chronologija, jie lokalizuojami, nustatyti dideli jauno valdovo užmojai plėsti Žemutinę pilį. Pateikiama nauja Žygimanto Augusto ir Barboros Radvilaitės santykių interpretacija. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Barbora Radvilaitė; Rūmai; Rūmai, Žygimantas Augustas; Statybos; Vilniaus žemutinė pilis; Žygimantas Augustas, 1520-1572 (Žygimantas III Augustas; Zigmantas II Augùstas; Zygmunt II August; Sigismund August); Barbora Radvilaite; Barbora Radvilaitė; Construction; Palace; Sigismundus Augustus; Vilnius Low Castle; Žygimantas Augustas.

ENThe studies made in the Head Historic Archive in Warsaw (Archiwum G'ownc Aktow Dawnych) revealed new sources about the evolution of the ensemble of Vilnius Low Castle. Discovered accounts from the period of the reign of Grand Duke Sigismundus Augustus present very important facts concerning his building activity during 1544–1548. In this period the buildings of the palace of Nicolaus Radvila nicknamed Ruddy near the mount, the wall supported the slope of the mount, new Duke's palace beside the river Vilnia, new rooms or halls (Aulae Novue) adjoined the old Dukes' Palace (Aula Regia), the bath, four stables, vehicle station, armory and other household buildings were built under the administration of the treasurer Jan Lutomirski. Large-scale range and very big capital sums devoted for this building show the pride of new ambitious ruler. His aspirations to reconstruct the Grand Dukes' of Lithuania castle reflect Renaissance principles of the building: the abolishment of the northwest defense wall of the castle and opening all ensemble to Tilto street and St. George Church direction were necessary for the foundation of the renaissance garden with three ponds, building the review tower (Latarnia) turned toward river Neris (Vilija) and the Green bridge.Completely change of the northwest side of the castle was finished with the building of new private palace of Grand Duke, which now is identified with the building of Lithuania National Museum. In the light of this new information we are able to suppose the Grand Dukes' Palace with inner courtyard, which remains today are examined by archaeologists, to have built by King Sigismundus the Old and Bona Sforza. This composition was realized by their son Sigismundus Augustus after 1548. Another conclusion we have come concerns the circumstances of the Barbara Radvilaite (Barbara Radziwill) living in the Grand Dukes' Palace after her secret marriage with Sigismundus Augustus in 1547 summer. The death of King Sigismundus the Old happened in Vilnius. 1548 was accompanied with the mourning and funeral ceremonies in the castle. The Grand Dukes' Palace was decorated with wall-hanging black coverings. Taking into consideration this fact and still continuing building of the new rooms adjoined the Grand Dukes' Palace in the spring of 1548 we are able to propose new point of view on this matter: probably. Queen Barbara Radvilaite lived in the new private Sigismundus August palace beside the river Vilnia. [From the publication]

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