Administracinio baudimo santykiai : teisingumo ir protingumo principų poveikis

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamas teisingumo ir protingumo principų reglamentavimas ir taikymas esant administracinio baudimo santykiams. Šie bendrieji teisės principai įtvirtinti Lietuvos Respublikos administracinių teisės pažeidimų kodekse ir kai kuriuose specialiuose įstatymuose, tačiau juose minėti principai skirti tik teismui, nagrinėjančiam ginčą dėl paskirtos ekonominės sankcijos (baudos). Kartais tai kelia sunkumų ir neleidžia viešojo administravimo subjektams vykdyti baudimo funkciją adekvačiai padarytam teisės pažeidimui. Todėl siūloma tobulinti šių santykių teisinį reguliavimą. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Administracinio baudimo santykiai; Ekonominė sankcija (bauda); Teisingumas; Relations of admnistrative punishment; Economic sanctions (fines); Justice.

ENIn this article principles of fairness and reasonability applied in various spheres of social relations of administrative punishment includet, are investigated. At the level of constitutional regulation, the principle of fairness is one of imperatives of a more general principe of astate under the rule of law. At the level of legislative regulation, the principles of fairness and reasonability are consolidated in various laws of the Republic of Lithuania, as well as in the acts regulating the relations of legal responsibility - in the Code of Administrative Violations of Law and specials laws, e. g., the Law on Control, the Law on Alkohol Control, the Law on Competition. It is noted that the application of the principles of fairness and reasonability in special laws is obligatory only for an administrative court when an appeal concerning economic sanctions imposed for subjects of business is being heard. Thus, subjects of public administration, having the power delegated to them by the legislator to apply fines or to stop licences, are not formally obligated to act by the principe of fairness and reasonability. This raises problems in the practice of administrative punishment, as for subjects of public administration the rule that it is allowed (obligated) to act as it is set by a law is applied. Therefore, in the absence of the obligation in special laws to apply economic sanctions on the grounds on the principles of fairness adn reasonability, there arise situations when a decision made by the institution of a public administration ir formally legal, however, it is unfair and unreasonable under particular circumstances of legal violations. The article gives propositions to supplement special laws by corresponding legal norms.Another way to solve this problem is to incorporate the norms of special laws regulating punishment's relations into the future new Code of Administrative Violations of Law that would be applied not only to natural persons but also to juridical bodies. [From the publication]