Lietuvių tyrinėtojų darbai Egipto archeologijoje

LTNuo XVI a. domėjimasis senovės Egipto paveldu Lietuvoje nuolat augo. lš pradžių tai tebuvo mėgėjiškas eksponatų linkimas, labiausiai paplitęs tarp didikų. Moksliniu požiūriu Egiptas pradėtas tyrinėti XIX a.: vykdyti tyrimai, paskelbta mokslinių publikacijų. Tuo metu atlikti ir pirmieji mūsų tautiečių kasinėjimai Egipte. Šiuolaikinės egiptologijos pradžia Lietuvoje laikoma XX a. pirmoji pusė ir sietina su M. Rudzinskaite-Arcimavičiene, ypatingą dėmesį skyrusią archeologiniams tyrimams ir naujausiems atradimams Egipte. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė; Egiptologija Lietuvoje; Egipto archeologija; Kasinėjimai (archeologija); Senienos; Marija Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė; Egyptology; Egyptian archaeology; Excavations; Antiquities.

ENLithuanian museums preserve over 350 ancient Egyptian artefacts. The interesting and different history of their provenance shows that Lithuanian explorers were also interested in this ancient civilisation. The aim of this article is to review the contributions made by Lithuanians and to evaluate their significance in the field of Egyptian archaeology. Interest in Ancient Egypt has been constantly increasing in Lithuania since the 16th century. At that time our noblemen began to decorate their manors with ancient Egyptian artwork and to collect it. Only in the 19th century, however, did the Egyptian heritage begin to be scientifically investigated: excavations were conducted and scientific publications published. Even greater interest in this ancient civilisation was spurred by the unique archaeological discovery in Švėkšna and the interesting ancient Egyptian artefact collection at the Vilnius Museum of Antiquities. One of the most meritorious Lithuanians in Egyptian archaeology was Count M. Tiškevičius, who conducted individual excavations at Karnak, West Thebes, Esna, and Saqqara during 1861-1862. The most valuable artefacts collected at that time soon enriched the collections of some European museums. Dr I. Žiogelis also travelled with M. Tiškevičius to Egypt and it is worth noting that on this trip he became perhaps the first of the Lithuanians to use the stratigraphic dating method.M. Rudzinskaitė-Arcimavičienė, who was especially interested in archaeological investigations and the latest discoveries in Egypt, made important contributions to the development of the science of professional Egyptology in Lithuania. Unfortunately, after her death, Egyptology was neglected in Lithuania for a while in the first half of the 20th century. Thanks to the huge efforts of modern researchers like A. Snitkuvienė and T. Rutkauskas, Egyptology is gradually once again finding a place in Lithuania. [From the publication]