ES struktūrinė parama verslo plėtrai - regioninės politikos instrumentas

LTPer daugelį Europos integracijos ir plėtros metų Europos Sąjunga išsivystė į heterogonišką valstybių grupę, kurioms būdingi dideli regioniniai skirtumai. Išryškėję regionų ekonominio išsivystymo skirtumai tiek pačiose valstybėse narėse, tiek tarp valstybių narių, integracijos laimėjimų pasiskirstymo netolygumas bei gilesnės integracijos siekis paskatino imtis centralizuotų priemonių regioniniams skirtumams šalinti. Europos Sąjungoje, siekiant ekonominės ir socialinės regionų sanglaudos, naudojamas regioninės politikos finansinis instrumentas yra struktūrinė parama. Straipsnio tikslas yra išnagrinėti vieną struktūrinės paramos rūšies - paramos verslo plėtrai - poveikį regionų sanglaudai. Apžvelgiant struktūrinės paramos verslui rezultatus 1994-1999 metų laikotarpiu, straipsnyje analizuojamos 2000-2006 programavimo laikotarpio 15 valstybių narių 1 ir 2 uždavinio regionų plėtros programos ir Lietuvos Bendrojo programavimo dokumentas, įvertinant verslo įmonių galimybes gauti struktūrinę paramą bei struktūrinės paramos verslo plėtrai poveikį regionų plėtrai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: ES; Finansinė parama; Regioninė politika; Regioninės plėtros programos; Regionų plėtra; Regionų politika; Sanglaudos fondas; Struktūriniai fondai; Struktūrinė parama verslui; Valstybė; Cohesion Fund; EU,regional policy; European Union; Financial support; Lithuania; Regional development; Regional development programs; Regional policy; State; Structural Funds; Structural support for business; Europos Sąjunga (European Union).

ENOver the years, the various enlargements have transformed the EU into a more and more heterogeneous group of countries with significant economic imbalances. The financial instrument of the EU regional policy - structural support - is used to seek for the economic and social cohesion of regions. It is characteristic for small and medium sized enterprises to act at regional, not national or international, level. The aim of this article is to analyse one kind of structural support, - that is support for business development. The object of the article is the priorities of 1 objective and 2 objective regional development programs of 15 Member states for the programming period of 2000-2006 and Lithuanian Single programming document. The review of the results of structural support for business development during the programming period of 1994-1999 enables to analyse the opportunities for business enterprises to get structural support and to evaluate the impact of structural support for business on region's development. The structural support is designated to increase the competitiveness of enterprises. Direct and indirect support is rendered to business enterprises: financial support for enterprises, financial engineering, business consulting services, innovation and new technologies, special training services, improvement of physical infrastructure, and etc. Financial support for business development helped many enterprises to implement planned projects and develop a system of services for their businesses. It also created and saved many jobs.Competitive enterprises are able to stand the competition in the single market. As a result, successful activities of enterprises influence GDP growth, it also provides stable income for workers. This leads to economic and social cohesion of regions. Structural support for business development is a priority of regional development programs for many of Member states for the period of 2000-2006. The priority is given for the projects, that are devoted to modernise enterprises, to manufacture new products, to install innovations and new technologies and to develop e-business. There will be more jobs created for highly qualified specialists in the future. Competitiveness of enterprises will increase, and this will positively affect regional development. Starting from the year 2004 Lithuanian entrepreneurs will be able to receive EU structural funds for their business development. The structural support for business development will attract more private investments, which will create more jobs, and as a consequence, it will increase the competitiveness of enterprises. All this will result in Lithuania's economic growth. The economic and social cohesion among particular regions of Lithuania will increase, and Lithuania's economics will gradually reach the level of the EU. [text from author]