Aukštesniųjų klasių mokinių asmenybės empatiškumo ypatumai

LTDaugeliui specialistų, dirbančių su žmonėmis, būtini empatijos gebėjimai, ypač pedagogams, kurių misija – ne tik įsijausti į mokinio situaciją ir jam suteikti paramą, bet ir savo pavyzdžiu atverti mokiniams galimybę plėtoti empatinius gebėjimus. Straipsnyje pateikiami aukštesniųjų klasių mokinių (n = 300) empatiškumo raiškos rezultatai, kurie suponavo problemą – išryškėjo itin žemas respondentų empatiškumo lygis. Tai reiškia, kad daugelis jaunuolių dažnai abejingi kitų žmonių problemoms, menkai geba pažvelgti į jas kito asmens akimis, kad jiems būdinga atjautos stoka ir nenoras suteikti pagalbą aplinkiniams. Pasirodė, kad empatijos raiškai itin svarbus lyties požymis: mergaitės statistiškai reikšmingai empatiškesnės nei berniukai. Todėl pedagogams vertėtų atkreipti didesnį dėmesį į mokinių empatijos gebėjimų lavinimą, taip pat į savo asmenybės pažinimą bei saviugdą šiuo aspektu. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Empatija; Empatija, empatijos rūšys, empatijos lygiai; Empatijos; Empatijos rūšys; Lygiai; Empathy; Empathy, types of empathy, levels of empathy; Levels of empathy; Types of empathy.

ENFor most of the specialists, who work with people, it is necessary to have empathetic abilities. Especially it is necessary for pedagogues, whose mission is not only to empathize the situation of student and to supply the support, but also to reveal the possibility for students to develop empathetic abilities by showing his or her own example. However, empirical facts and scientific research show that nowadays empathy is becoming almost a disappearing phenomenon. The research planning was based on the methodology of humanistic psychology, which fundamental principals are authenticity of personality, unconditional acceptance of other and empathy (Rogers, 1961). It was hypothesized that particularly high empathetic level of personality is not typical for students. The aim of the research was to analyze the peculiarities of empathy of students personality. The problematical questions were formulated as follows: >Which empathetic levels of personality are the most typical for upper secondary school students'? >Is empathy of students personality related with demographic variables such as gender of the respondents and a number of children in family?.Empathetic peculiarities of students were studded using the test of empathetic abilities of V. V. Boiko. 300 students of the Xth–XIIth forms from Šiauliai city have participated in this research. χ2 criterion was used in order to determine statistical significance between the compared data. According to the results of the research, it is possible to state that the high level of empathy is not typical for students (n = 300). The majority of the respondents were ascribed to the low and very low level of empathy. This means that the majority of the research participants are poorly able to compassionate other people, to empathize their problems and to perceive these problems in the way it is perceived by others. Analyzing the empathy of personality according to the aspect of gender, it was found that the girls are notedly more empathetic than the boys. Neither one boy was distinguished by the high level of empathy. The difference of data between the girls and the boys are statistically significant. This indicates that the emotional sphere of the boys as well as their empathetic abilities are frequently ignored in the education process. Comparing the appearence of empathy of the respondents according to the number of children in family, it turned out that the low level of empathy is more typical for singletons. Instead the medium level of empathy is more typical for upper secondary school students' who grow in the two-child family, while the high level of empathy is ascribed only to those respondents, who live in the multi-child family. The differences between the compared indicators of empathy are statistically significant. [From the publication]

• Psichologija / Psychology
• Edukologija / Education