Smulkiųjų verslininkų, prekiaujančių prekyvietėse, darbo motyvacijos ypatumai

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjami smulkiųjų verslininkų, vykdančių individualią veiklą pagal verslo liudijimus, darbo motyvacijos ypatumai. Atlikti tokį tyrimą lėmė pagrindinis aspektas - asmenų, dirbančių pagal verslo liudijimą, darbinės veiklos specifika, lyginant su organizacijos darbuotojais, skiriasi. Tyrimo imtį sudarė 192 smulkieji verslininkai, prekiaujantys Šiaulių (UAB "Pabalių turgus") ir Mažeikių (UAB "Mažeikių turgus") miestų prekyvietėse. Klausimynas, pagal kurį atlikta smulkiųjų prekiautojų apklausa, paremtas Ratkevičienės (1999) darbo motyvacijos modelio teorinėmis nuostatomis, kurios buvo adaptuotos smulkiojo prekiautojo darbinės veiklos specifikai tirti. Tyrimo rezultatai leido nustatyti privalumus ir įvardyti pagrindinius sunkumus, sūkuriais susiduria smulkieji prekiautojai, vykdydami individualiąveikląpagal verslo liudijimus. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Motyvas; Darbo motyvacija; Smulkusis verslininkas; Verslo liudijimas; Motive; Labour motivation; Small business; Business certificate.

ENThe article deals with the peculiarities of labour motivation of small businessmen who are engaged in individual activities under a business certificate. The following main reasons determined our choice to perform a research on labour motivation of small businessmen working under business certificates and trading in the market places: though many scientific publications on the issue oflabour motivation can be found (for instance, Osterloh, Frey, Frost, 2001; Gard, Larsson, 2003; Carsrud, Brannback, Elfving, Brandt, 2009; Staren, 2009; Curral, Marques-Quinteiro, 2009; Ehrlich, 2006; Fagan, Neill, Wooldridge, 2008; Ratkevičienė, 1999; Bakanauskienė, Ubartas, 2009 and others), having performed a more precise analysis of these works it is obvious that the problem of labour motivation is examined only at an organization level. However, specifities particularity of labour activity of people working under business certificates and people working in organizations differ. A person working under a business certificate independently solves all questions related to the activity he/she is engaged in, i.e. there are no features of usual labour relations like: agreement on salary, place of work and functions, hours of work, annual leave, etc. In addition, a smaller or bigger risk, uncertainty, pressure, risky decisions always accompany the person working under a business certificate because in business stability may be destroyed very quickly, therefore it is impossible to foresee everything in advance. A list of the kinds of individual activities undertaken engaged under a business certificate approved by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania includes 98 kinds of activities (the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, 2002).According to K. Kučinskaitė (2009), "0n the grounds of the data of State Tax Inspectorate, the most part - approximately third of all obtained business certificates provides the right to trade in the markets". This was the major spur to investigate the peculiarities of labour motivation of small businessmen working under business certificates and trading in the markets. The sample of the research was 192 small businessmen who trade in the JSC "Pabalių Turgus" and JSC "Mažeikių Turgus". Anonymous questionnaire survey of traders was performed on the 11t h - 29t h of March 2009. The research problem was formulated on the grounds of the following questions: what are the most important motives inducing the traders in JSC "Pabalių Turgus" and JSC "Mažeikių Turgus" to be engaged in this kind of work? What are the disadvantages of being engaged in an individual activity under a business certificate? What are the advantages that stimulate small businessmen to work in the markets and what are the difficulties they encounter while being engaged in individual activity? The aim of the research is to evaluate the peculiarities of labour motivation of small businessmen trading in the markets of JSC "Pabalių Turgus" and JSC "Mažeikių Turgus". The article deals with the peculiarities of labour motivation of small businessmen who are engaged in individual activities under a business certificate. The following main reasons determined our choice to perform a research on labour motivation of small businessmen working under business certificates and trading in the market places: though many scientific publications on the issue of labour motivation can be found (for instance, Osterloh, Frey, Frost, 2001.Gard, Larsson, 2003; Carsrud, Brannback, Elfving, Brandt, 2009; Staren, 2009; Curral, Marques-Quinteiro, 2009; Ehrlich, 2006; Fagan, Neill, Wooldridge, 2008; Ratkevičienė, 1999; Bakanauskienė, Ubartas, 2009 and others), having performed a more precise analysis of these works it is obvious that the problem of labour motivation is examined only at an organization level. However, specifities particularity of labour activity of people working under business certificates and people working in organizations differ. A person working under a business certificate independently solves all questions related to the activity he/she is engaged in, i.e. there are no features of usual labour relations like: agreement on salary, place of work and functions, hours of work, annual leave, etc. In addition, a smaller or bigger risk, uncertainty, pressure, risky decisions always accompany the person working under a business certificate because in business stability may be destroyed very quickly, therefore it is impossible to foresee everything in advance. A list of the kinds of individual activities undertaken engaged under a business certificate approved by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania includes 98 kinds of activities (the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, 2002). According to K. Kučinskaitė (2009), „0n the grounds of the data of State Tax Inspectorate, the most part - approximately third of all obtained business certificates provides the right to trade in the markets". This was the major spur to investigate the peculiarities of labour motivation of small businessmen working under business certificates and trading in the markets. [...]. [From the publication]