Lietuvių inteligentijos požiūris į moterų išsilavinimą XIX-XX a. sandūroje

LTXIX amžiuje Vakarų ir Rytų Europos tautinių judėjimų ideologai moteriai skyrė tam tikrą vaidmenį moderniųjų tautų formavimosi procese. Moters aktyvavimą šiame procese jie suprato skirtingai. Vakarų Europos tautinių judėjimų ideologų manymu, moteris galėjo atlikti tautinių vertybių diegėjos, tautinės kultūros kūrėjos vaidmenį, jai besiejant savo gyvenimo aspiracijas su dalyvavimu viešajame gyvenime. Tuo tarpu Vidurio ir Rytų Europos tautinių judėjimų ideologai sprendė dilemą: kaip suderinti moters - tautinių vertybių saugotojos ir diegėjos privačioje erdvėje vaidmenį sujos pastangomis siekti visavertės asmenybės raiškos dalyvaujant viešajame gyvenime, kuriame nebuvo sudaryta sąlygų tautinių vertybių puoselėjimui. XIX-XX a. sandūroje lietuvių inteligentija, koordinavusi tautinio atgimimo procesą, taip pat sprendė šią dilemą. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami šios dilemos sprendimo budai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Tautinis atgimimas; Moterų socialinis vaidmuo; Moterų išsilavinimas; Lithuanian national awaking; women's social role; women's education.

ENDuring the XIXth Century an ideologists of the Western ant Eastern European national movements had distinquished the respective role in the process of formation of modem nations. According to the ideologists of Western European national movements the woman could perform the role of implantator of the national values, the founder of national culture, altogether with relation other aspirations with participation in the public life. Whereas the ideologists of national movements at the time was put into a dilemma how to combine the role of woman as a keeper of national values with her attempts to seek a possibility to express her full-rate personality in participation in public life where was no conditions to cherish national values. During the joint of XIXth and XXth Lithuanian intelligentsia in a coordination of process of national revival also had faced this dilemma. In Lithuanian historiography such problems had'nt discussed. The question how Lithuanian intelligentsia appreciated the women education and possibilities to participate in public life also hadn't risen yet. The aim of this article is to explore an attitudes of ideological differentiate intelligentsia of studied period towards question of women education. During the joint of XlXth-XXth Centuries Lithuanian intelligentsia gave the role of keeper of nationality in a family. Therefore Lithuanian intelligentsia who belonged to different ideological currents first of all had tried to root national values and to safe its stability. At the end of XlXth catholic intelligentsia an education of the girls equated to the formation of national consciousness.But women necessity to seek for a deeper intellectual education and professional self-realization by this current was not recognised. During studied period catholic intelligentsia after realizing of the changes in social structure, economical and public life, supported attitudes of Lithuanian liberals towards importance of deeper intellectual education of women. In the joint of XlXth and XXth centuries catholics and liberals applied the same model. The grounds of national consciousness was rooted at home, later it was a free choice. In opinion of Lithuanian social democrats, woman-worker also should to realize her economical situation and together with men had to pursue common goals. Therefore they hadn't questionized the importance of women intellectual training. But deeper intellectual training was equated to the elementary professional education. [From the publication]