Pradinio geometrinio lavinimo vaizdumo prioritetai : mokytojų nuomonė

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama pradinio geometrinio lavinimo vaizdumo problematika. Apibendrinus vaizdumo klausimus nagrinėjančią mokslinę literatūrą pastebėta, jog kiekvieną konkretų vaizdumo taikymo atvejį charakterizuoja vaizdumo prigimtis, dimensija ir raiškos pavidalas. Atlikus pradinių klasių mokytojų apklausą nustatyta, kad Lietuvos mokyklose taikomo geometrinio lavinimo vaizdumo prigimtis dažniausiai materiali. Tarp mokytojų vyrauja nuostata vaizdumo siekti įvairiais būdais (naudoti aplinkoje randamas vaizdines priemones, praktiškai modeliuoti, konstruoti, išsamiai aptarti). Tai rodo, jog pradinių klasių mokytojų geometrinio lavinimo vaizdumo samprata apima statinį ir dinaminį vaizdumą, taip pat vizualios ir verbalinės raiškos derinimą. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Geometrinis lavinimas; Pradinis ugdymas; Mokymo principai; Vaizdumas; Geometric training; Primary education; Teaching principle; Visualization.

ENThe present article provides the analysis of the problems on visualization in primary geometric training. The objective of the study is to characterise the manifestation of the principle of visualization by forming geometric images at primary school stages. First of all the author of this article discusses essential terminology used to describe visualization. The attempt was made to unify and supplement the terminology used by scholars of different countries. It was also attempted to classify types of visualization used by the above-mentioned scholars. The empirical study was focused on the answers to the following questions: What are the attitudes of practical implementation of visualization in primary geometric training? What visual aids in geometric training are primary school teachers apt to use? The analysis was based on the opinion provided by primary school teachers of urban and rural schools all over Lithuania. There were surveyed about 200 teachers in total. Methods of the research: analysis of theoretical literature, questionnaire-based inquiry, descriptive analysis of the data. Results of the research: The findings of the analysis show that in Lithuania primary school teachers follow the attitude of achieving visualization by different ways. In teaching geometry primary school teachers are mainly liable to make reference to material static or material dynamic means of visualization. Conditional-symbolic visualization in primary geometric training is used very seldom. In primary schools the attempt is being made to use the possibilities of geometric training provided by constructing activity. Unfortunately teachers feel short of methodical literature on this topic. Teachers make visual aids with the help of children or by themselves. They also try to find the aids in the surrounding environment. Other visual aids are used rarely. [From the publication]