Rezidenciniai Kiškų giminės dvarai

LTStraipsnyje pristatomos pagrindinės didikų Kiškų giminės rezidencinės dvarvietės Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje XVI-XVII a. Pasitelkus valstybės kanceliarijos ir išlikusius giminės dokumentus, įvardijami giliausią istorinį pėdsaką palikę giminės nariai, parodomi nekilnojamojo turto (paveldimos žemės) mastai ir išskiriami svarbiausieji gyvenamieji dvarai ir jų ūkinė veikla. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Kiškai (Kiszkas family); Dvarai; Feodalinė žemėvalda; Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė (LDK; Grand Duchy of Lithuania; GDL); Kiškos; Estates; Feudal land-ownership.

ENThe family of Kiškos had, at its disposal, one of the biggest land-ownerships in the Great Duchy of Lithuania during the 16th and 17th centuries. This family also belonged to the oligarchic core of the great officers of state, although this name is barely known to contemporary society. In this article, the main residential estates of the family are presented with specific focus placed on certain moments of the Kiškos family history, making reference to the surviving published and unpublished inventories of the estates of the Kiškos family and the documents of Lithuanian Metrics and other sources of the 16th and early 17th centuries. As far back as the beginning of the 16th century, the Kiškos family began to form two land-owning complexes: one from their patrimonial estate in Palenkė, and another from lands taken from the Mantigirdai, through marriage with the last member of this family, in the counties of Ašmena, Naugardukas and Minskas. During the 2nd half of the 16th century the two branches of the family became distinct: the one that originated from Palenkė (in its hands were the domains of the province of Palenkė), and the direct one which spread throughout the aforementioned districts. Making reference to family sources, the most representative estates of the Kiškos family can be considered to be Vija, Cholchla, Liubčia, Loska and Kamenis (the territory of contemporary Belaruss), the families of the side branch lived mostly on the Ciechanovičiai Estate (the contemporary territory of the Polish Republic).Because of the fragmentary nature of the information of that period, it is impossible to reconstruct the life of the estates. Moreover, the family had died off by the mid-17th century and its' property was sold on or passed to the hands of the families' side branches, while the relics and the portraits of family members were also dispersed. From the all residential estates of the 17th century, the fragments of the estate in Liubčia remained only. [From the publication]