Verslas kaip žaidimas : tarp kompetencijos ir kūrybiškumo

LTVerslas įpareigoja jo dalyvius laikytis nustatytų taisyklių ir kartu būti pasirengus konkurencijos sąlygomis laiku priimti nestandartinius sprendimus, t. y. rizikuoti ir improvizuoti. Būtent šie momentai ir skatina pažvelgti į verslą kaip veiklos būdą, pasižymintį ne tik kompetentingumu, bet ir kūrybiškumu bei žaidybiškumu, o į verslininkus kaip į savotiškus žaidėjus rinkos aikštelėje, siekiant nustatyti to žaidimo, kurį jie žaidžia, ypatumus. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas verslo kaip žmogiškosios veiklos būdo ryšys su žaidimu. Remiantis žaidimo teorijas puoselėjančių kultūros filosofų G. H. Gadamerio, J. Huizinga’os ir E. Finko darbais, atskleidžiamas žaidimo fenomenas. Parodomos verslo kaip veiklos būdo sąsajos su žaidimu, ryškinami kūrybiškumo ir gebėjimų versle aspektai. Svarstoma, kaip verslas yra suderinamas su žaidimo prigimtimi ir kokiu mastu ši veikla nėra žaidybinė. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Nurodyti tekste; Nurodyti tekste.

ENIn the article, connection between business, as a kind of human activity, and game is examined. With reference to the works of culture philosophers G. H. Gadamer, J. Huizinga and E. Fink, the theories of game, its phenomena, main features and objectives are revealed. Connections of business with game are highlighted, their similarities and differences are revealed. It is shown that business as a way of activity has much in common with game. To both of them are common such elements of game as competition (rush), risk, free choice and certain rules, but their roles are different as is different also the individuals’ attitude in the course of activity (game). At the same time, business and game differ in their features and objectives. Game is a free activity which is experienced as unreal, being outside of common life, activity that is capable of charming the players totally; no material interests are connected with it, it does not give benefit and happens in a distinctly defined time and space according to certain rules. Competition is the objective of a game and is immanent to it (it is not influenced by external elements), it always remains in the frame of imaginable reality (the world of a game), whereas business is a free activity experienced as real, as a response to the challenges of the real world, an active activity whose objective is to gain benefit (profit). In every game there is a reward (a purely symbolic or a real material value), but it is one-off as the price which is won, whereas in the businessman’s activity the main goal is not an external but an internal, substantial objective.Here the reward for endeavor is first of all material, not symbolical. The maximization of profit is the permanent motive of running business. But it is not playing for profit, but working purposefully and rationally. The businessman tries to frame his venture and risk with rational and well-grounded decisions, because their consequences involve more people than in the case of failure in a game. Thus, it is game elements in business, on the one hand, that give it the attraction of a game; on the other hand, business obligates to keep a responsible position in the presence of the market. [From the publication]