Prekybos žmonėmis nusikaltimo normos naujosios redakcijos (2005 m. birželio 23 d.) aiškinimo ir taikymo problemos

LTPrekyba žmonėmis – tai nusikaltimas, kurio teisinė konstrukcija buvo suformuluota tarptautinėje teisėje, vėliau adaptuota Europos Sąjungos teisėje, o 2005 m. birželio 23 d. įstatymu perkelta ir į Lietuvos nacionalinę baudžiamąją teisę. Dėl neįprastai sudėtingos struktūros prekybos žmonėmis normą suvokti ir taikyti gana keblu. Straipsnyje pateikiama bendroji naujosios redakcijos prekybos žmonėmis normos charakteristika, atkreipiamas dėmesys į probleminius šio nusikaltimo sudėties požymius, analizuojami kai kurie svarbūs teismų nuosprendžiai šios kategorijos bylose, formuluojamos mokslinės rekomendacijos, kaip turi būti motyvuojama esant šio nusikaltimo požymiams byloje. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Prekyba žmonėmis; Išnaudojimas; Priešingumas žmogaus laisvei; Trafficking in persons; Exploitation; Opposition to the personal freedom.

ENThe article deals with the crime of trafficking in humans concerning the new edition of its legal construction (23, June 2005) in the Criminal Code of Republic of Lithuania. The Criminal Law Department, Mykolas Romeris University, Assoc. Prof. Dr. definition of trafficking in humans was formulated in the November15, 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, which supplements the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, then was adopted by the July 19, 2002 EU Council Framework Decision on Combating Trafficking in Human Beings, and in June 23, 2005 put into national criminal legislation of Lithuania. The legal construction of the new edition of the norm is quite complicated and this creates some problems of its conceptual explanations and application into practice.The author provides with brief legal characteristic of the norms on trafficking in humans, then turns his attention to the problematic points of this crime, analyses the recent important verdicts of courts in the trafficking cases. The special attention is paid to the cassation decision of the Supreme Court (March 28, 2006), which has given some explanations on the new norm of trafficking and formulated important rules of incriminating the trafficking in humans in cases where the victim gives his consent to be involved into prostitution and trafficked abroad. The article also gives some scientific recommendations on motivation of the opposition of this crime to the protected value of personal freedom, where the victim gives his consent to the intended exploitation, as well as explains how to identify the facts of the abuse of the position of victim’s vulnerability and dependency, using of deceit, intent and aim of exploitation of the victim, how to delimit this crime from related crimes of making profit of prostitution of another person and involving into prostitution. [From the publication]