TSRS bandymai perimti Lietuvos banko auksą ir sąskaitas užsienyje 1940–1941 metais

LTStraipsnyje pateikiama TSRS bandymų perimti Lietuvos bankui priklausantį auksą ir sąskaitas užsienio šalyse 1940-1941 m. istorija. Atskleidžiama, kurie bankai sutiko tai padaryti, o kurie griežtai pasipriešino okupantų kėslams perimti Lietuvai priklausantį turtą. Pateikiama smulki aukso kiekio ir lėšų, buvusių užsienio bankuose, apskaita ir užsienio bankų sąrašai. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Nacionalizacija; Auksas; Lietuvos bankas; Valiuta; Nacionalization; Gold; The Bank of Lithuania; Currency.

ENThe article, mainly based on a research at the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, describes the attempts made by the USSR State Bank to take over the gold and accounts of the Bank of Lithuania in foreign banks after Lithuania’s occupation in 1940. The author analyses the reaction of many foreign banks to requests to transfer gold and accounts to Moscow and indicates the banks that rejected or fulfilled these requests. In July 1940, the USA, the Great Britain and Switzerland clearly expressed their position not to recognize Lithuania’s occupation by the Soviet Union and rejected demands to transfer gold and accounts to the USSR State Bank. The State Bank of Sweden complied with the request and transferred gold to Moscow, however, private banks of Sweden did not transfer any accounts. The reaction of other countries varied and depended on the political situation of the year 1940: Germany and all its allies (Italy, Romania, Hungary) accepted the demands of the USSR, since after Molotov–Ribbentrop pact in 1939, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union formally were in friendship relations. At the same time, German banks delayed the transfer of money until the beginning of the war with the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, justifying this decision by the fact that Devisenstelle (Foreign Currency Control Office) did not give permission for that. Italy, Romania and Hungary transferred accounts to the USSR State Bank. Most countries occupied by Germany agreed to transfer accounts to Moscow, but insisted on different conditions: Denmark declared that the transfer had to be determined by the treaty between Denmark and Lithuania, banks from France, Belgium and Czechoslovakia requested compensations in Loro accounts. Negotiations with many foreign banks lasted until the beginning of the war between the Soviet Union and Germany on June 22, 1941, and most accounts were not transferred to Moscow. [From the publication]