Lietuvos moterų profesinės karjeros veiksniai: subjektyvus vertinimas

LTDarbe analizuojami kai kurie Lietuvos moterų profesinės karjeros aspektai, siekiama nustatyti moterų profesinę karjerą sąlygojančius veiksnius. Tyrime atskleidžiama, kaip skirtingų kartų moterys vertina savo padėtį visuomenėje, apibrėžia (suvokia) profesinę karjerą; darbe pabrėžiamas socialinių tinklų ir asmenybės saviraiškos sąryšis. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Profesinė karjera; Saviraiška; Objektyvios ir subjektyvios kliūtys; Socialinės įtampos; Stresai; Subjektyvios padėties (jausenos) ir požiūrio vertinimai; Professional career; Self realization; Objective and subjective obstacles; Social tension; Stress; Subjectrive evaluation of status and attitude.

ENConsidering social changes and social actors’ behavior and thinking culture as guidelines (Grigas, 2001), professional career of Lithuanian women has been analyzed. As Gruodis (1995, p. 179) states in her analysis of women’s working activities, "woman’s achievement towards professional career is an advantage: self-realization and further fostering of self-realization". Therefore it is important to analyze the area of social relationships, to identify tensions and already formed fields of tension encountered in the women’s career and socialization process. The emphasis is put on social and professional mobility of Lithuanian women: changes of personal activities and self-evaluation of status. The last decade in Lithuania, taking into consideration the environment of sociocultural work, is special in two aspects: changes of social attitude towards women’s professional career and novelty of women’s subjective assessment of this issue. Based on woman socialization concept which says that women’s professional career is determined by general sociocultural processes taking place in society, the research showed objective and subjective obstacles in the professional career. As a result of factorial analysis of objective obstacles correlation matrix, two most significant factors have been identified in assessments: age (strength of correlation relationship r = 0.90) and priorities of a traditional women’s role, as a remainder of attitude stereotypes (r = = 0.75).Analysis of subjective obstacles correlation matrix revealed three most significant factors: responsibility and lack of self-confidence (r = 0.87); family environment (r = 0.87); risk and fear to change occupation (r = 0.83). Summarizing the results of the study, we can say that the situation in work and home environment quite often causes certain social tensions, stressful states: a threat of personal inner conflicts appears, when women are guided by higher beliefs about self-actualization in the complicated social-economic situation. Confrontations in home environment become more acute. The main stressors are children’s illnesses; lack of time for children’s education is indicated as an important subjective obstacle. On the other hand, the significance of these issues is great: a woman, mother creates the emotional field of a home; therefore the working environment shouldn’t dominate one-sidedly in social networks. Key words: professional career, self-realization, objective and subjective obstacles, social tension, stress, subjective evaluation of status (perception) and attitude. [From the publication]

• Ekonomika / Economics
• Sociologija / Sociology
• Teisė / Law