Dar kartą apie lietuvių prielinksninius vietovardžius

LTStraipsnyje aptariami lietuvių prielinksniniai vietovardžiai. Darybos požiūriu jie vertinami kaip antriniai. Struktūrinėje-gramatinėje klasifikacijoje šių toponimų vieta yra po vedinių, greta sudurtinių ir sudėtinių vietovardžių. Prielinksniniai vietovardžiai nėra priskiriami prie sudėtinių vietų vardų. Darybos požiūriu ne prielinksniniais, o sudėtiniais laikomi tokie vietovardžiai, kurių tik pirmasis dėmuo yra prielinksninis. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Toponimika; Vietovardis (toponimas); Vietovardžių daryba; Gramatinė; Klasifikacija; Darybos būdas; Prielinksninis vietovardis; Sudėtinis vietovardis; Dėmuo; Toponym; Formation of toponyms; Grammatical classification; word-formation; Prepositional place name; Complex place name; Constituent.

ENThe paper sets out to re-examine prepositional place names in Lithuanian on the basis of the data collected from the Database of Lithuanian Place Names Recorded in Actual Speech Situations (Lietuvių vietovardžių, užrašytų iš gyvosios kalbos, kartoteka). Their detailed study was made only once – in an article written fairly long ago (1969). In later works on toponymy, the above place names were not discussed. This is why they are not included in the grammatical classification applied in the investigation of the formation principles of toponyms. The data have attested to the fact that prepositional toponyms are actively used in various places of Lithuania. They have been recorded from actual language use in different periods when developing and updating the database. From the point of view of word formation, prepositional place names are treated as subordinate. They are located in the grammatical classification below the derivatives (inflections, suffixes, prefixes) at the same level as compound and complex place names. Prepositional toponyms are not attributed to complex toponyms, unlike the treatment they received in the above article of 1969. The reason for such new treatment is that the constituents of complex place names are derived from (major) word classes and the first constituent determines the second. In the process of toponymisation, prepositions combine with proper and common nouns.Prepositional place names do not include complex place names whose first constituents are prepositional phrases. This treatment is different from the one offered in the previous article, where these toponyms were attributed to prepositional place names. Treating them as prepositional place names would be quite unadequate, since the name does not suggest their way of formation (complex place names). However, it does reflect their feature of having a preposition as one of the constituents. When dealing with the origin of complex place names whose first constituent is a preposition, it is important to identify how the constituent part evolved. Thus the specific nature of the relationship between the constituent parts of complex place names would be taken into consideration. The paper offers a number of Lithuanian prepositional place names and complex place names of a fairly specific structure with the preposition as the first element, which are published for the first time. [From the publication]