Lietuvių ir latvių kalbų intarpiniai ir sta kamieno veiksmažodžiai: derivacijos bendrybės

ENThe article presents an investigation of the derivation system of the infixed and sta-stem verbs attested in the Lithuanian writings of the 16th–17th centuries in comparison with those in Latvian. The research has shown that the major part (65 %) of the infixed and sta-stem verbs attested in the analyzed texts represent motivated lexis. The verbs in question stand for different types of word formation: the largest bulk of all derived verbs, approximately 70 %, is comprised of deverbatives (derivatives from verbs), whereas denominatives (verbs derived from adjectives and nouns) constitute 30 %. In terms of derivational meaning, three different word-formation categories prevail: anticausatives, terminatives, and fientives. The research has revealed that at the time of emergence of the earliest Lithuanian writings all processes of infixed and sta-stem verbs formation had been established, as well as in the Latvian. Chronologically, several derivational layers of the infixal and sta-stem verbs are to be distinguished. The earliest derivational type is the formation of opposition causativa / anticausativa. In this opposition, a large inflectional class of the infixed and sta-stem verbs with prototypical meaning of anticausative process or event was formed. More than 50 percent of oppositions attested in the old texts have correspondences in the Latvian language, too. It suggests that the formation of opposition causativa / anticausativa is to be ascribed to the Eastern Baltic era.In the texts of 16th–17th centuries, denominatives originating in the Lithuanian stratum prevail. The center of this formation consists of the deadjectives, desubstantives belonging to the periphery. 24 % of denominatives are to be considered as the Lithuanian and Latvian equivalents. The category of fientives is considered to be a common product of the Eastern Baltics, and is especially common in the Lithuanian language. The origins of morphosemantic opposition durativa / terminativa probably date back to the Baltic period. However, this model has become especially productive in the Lithuanian. There are few correspondences in other Baltic languages. Keywords: verbs, derivation, anticausatives, terminatives, fientives, Baltic languages.

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