Kaimynystė ir kaimyninis bendravimas

Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Kaimynystė ir kaimyninis bendravimas
Alternative Title:
Neighbourhood and neighbourly interaction
Authors:
Paukštytė-Šaknienė, Rasa
In the Journal:
Contents:
Etnologiniai kaimynystės ryšių ir sampratos tyrimai — Šių dienų kaimynystės vertė: tirtų vietovių specifika — Kaimyniniai bendravimo ryšiai: artima ir tolima, vieša ir privatu — Šventinis kaimynų bendravimas daugiakulturėję erdvėje — Apibendrinimas — Literatūra.
Subject Category:
LT
Vilnius. Vilniaus kraštas (Vilnius region); Lietuva (Lithuania); Šventės. Atmintinos dienos / Festivals. Holy days; Kasdienis gyvenimas / Everyday life; Etnografija / Ethnography.
Summary / Abstract:

LTAnalizuojant žmonių tarpusavio santykių šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje problemą, keliamas tikslas atskleisti kaimynystės raišką skirtingos etninės ir konfesinės kompozicijos Vilniaus apylinkių kaimuose, miestelyje ir miestuose. Jo siekiant keliami šie uždaviniai: atskleisti, kiek kaimynystės sampratos formavimuisi turi įtakos kintanti socialinė ir kultūrinė aplinka; išanalizuoti, kokios savitarpio pagalbos formos sieja kaimynus; išnagrinėti, kaip konstruojamas bendras šventinis ir kasdienis laisvalaikis; nustatyti, kokie funkcionuoja kaimynų bendravimo papročiai. [Iš straipsnio, p. 117]

ENThe research was conducted in six locations in the Vilnius surroundings, applying the same methodology as when examining family leisure time and holidays. Forty respondents were surveyed, born between 1934 and 1991. Most were born in the 1950s (38 percent). Their experience was analysed over the perspective of two generations - 30 respondents were attributed to the older generation (born between 1934 and 1966) and 10 to the younger generation (born between 1970 and 1991). For the purposes of comparison, in 2020 this research was also conducted in Vilnius City, where 19 respondents were surveyed, born between 1934 and 1983. After analysing the respondents’ opinions when describing neighbourhood, several evaluation groups were discerned: 1) those for whom the significance of neighbourhood was comparable to friendship or even kinship; 2) those for whom neighbourhood was not as important as kinship or friendship, and 3) neighbourhood/ neighbourly relations were not deemed important at all. The first group mostly associated neighbourhood not only with mutual interaction but also with the sharing of emotions - the pleasure of being together. The second and sometimes the third group also associate neighbourhood only with necessary mutual assistance.Thus, in the research locations, in the 2000s and 2010s, much as in the 19th century, two types of neighbourhood could be discerned - distant (formal) and close (informal). One is predetermined by territorial proximity, the other reveals a group centred not just on territory but on shared interests as well, which is dependent on the free will of the neighbours to engage in interaction. Distant neighbourhood is based only on necessary social assistance and obligations to people living near us. In their form they change little over time and include mutual assistance when looking after children, livestock/pets, property, performing urgent household chores/tasks, providing emotional and if needed financial support in the event of illness or death of family members, loaning things and common working bees. In addition to social assistance and obligations towards friends living nearby, the sense of close neighbourhood also upholds various levels of bonds unrelated to social assistance and otherwise unnecessary daily and occasion-specific interaction. On weekdays, neighbours (more often women) visit one another to talk about various things, or to have a coffee together. Yet daily interaction can also be just a chat, for example, across the fence when weeding their respective gardens. In village areas, there is a great deal of work to be done, especially in the summer, so sometimes there may be little time even for such casual interaction, say the respondents.When analysing holidays celebrated together among neighbours, we noticed that in the multicultural environment under research, it was largely those holidays that have no religious basis that are celebrated most, and by representatives of all confessions. Incidentally, New Year’s celebrations bring neighbours together in these locations most frequently. As part of this celebration, neighbours drink champagne together at midnight and wish each other a Happy New Year. Closer interacting neighbours mark other special occasions together too, especially birthdays. Anniversary birthdays are often celebrated with neighbours. Sometimes, neighbours are invited over on the second day of Christmas. Neighbours may gather for name days, but this is not so common, likewise with invitations to their childrens’ weddings. During the Soviet period, it was popular for neighbours to mark International Womens Day. There are sometimes different types of celebrations however; for example, according to a Polish man from Marijampolis, born in 1980, aside from seeing in the New Year together, he and his neighbour had recently marked an unusual anniversary - 33 years since he built his house. The research showed that for close friendship between neighbours, both in Vilnius and in the Vilnius surroundings, a persons religion or nationality did not have any influence. Quite conversely, friendly relations with neighbours of different nationalities enrich interaction, encourage wider knowledge and tolerance of another culture or religion. For example, according to a woman from Nemezis born in 1954, she is Polish and is currently in a close friendship with her two neighbours - a Lithuanian woman and a Tatar woman. When the respondent was asked whether the nationality of her neighbours had any significance on their friendship, she replied “no”, it only made their interaction more interesting. [From the publication p. 310-312]

Subject:
Etnologija / Ethnology
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Updated:
2024-09-16 14:50:31
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