Music 4.0 as a feature of technological advancement of the contemporary society: impact of technological innovations and scientific research on the evolution of music between the 18th and the 21st century
ENThe evolution of music as a form of art is related not only to major art periods and movements but also to changes in society, religion, science, and technology. The foundation of academic music is based on the music whose origin lies in Christianity in the 6th and the 7rh century Europe, mainly influenced by the Gregorian chant. This model of composition, put in place by St. Gregory the Great, was mandatory for the creators of academic music until the end of the Renaissance period. The movement of Protestantism had a great influence on the art style of the Baroque period, whereas Romanticism was impacted by the Great French Revolution. Moreover, the start of Classicism coincided with the First Industrial Revolution. The Second Industrial Revolution introduced society to electricity and scientific advancements and by proposing new sound recording technologies, as well as new means of creating musical instruments and music for movies, indirectly influenced the development of music. The 1980s marked both the postmodern era and the Third Industrial Revolution (Industry 3.0) which is associated with computer technology. Computerized sounds and new recording technologies were adopted in the field of classical music, therefore the connection between postmodern music and computerization is evident in the works of modern Lithuanian composers (Jurgis Juozapaitis, Mindaugas Urbaitis, Giedrius Kuprevičius).Today it is believed that the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0, characterised by a universal use of the Internet, artificial intelligence and other digital tools, is taking place. The present article is aimed at defining the connection between Industry 4.0 and contemporary academic music. The use of electronically generated sounds, audio-visual elements in the works by Faustas Latėnas, Zita Bružaitė and Mantautas Krukauskas, as well as the data about digital music composing tools and the experimental sound extraction collected during the empirical research, indicates that academic music is undergoing another period of change greatly impacted by Industry 4.0; that is why this time period can be defined as Music 4.0. Keywords: contemporary academic music, Lithuanian music, technological advancement, electronically generated sounds, Industry 4.0, Music 4.0. [From the publication]
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