ENThe chapter analyses how the internal institutional dynamics in the Lithuanian Islamic community along ethnic and ideological lines, which paved the way to an institutional split in the community, has been received by the state and how it has affected state-Muslim relations. Research is placed in a broader context, where external actors, such as Turkish Diyanet and Hizmet movements, play a crucial role not only in the institutionalisation of various forms of Islamic religiosity but in the first place facilitate the very diversification of the Islamic landscape in the hitherto almost mono-ethnic and mono-confessional Muslim population of the country. The chapter argues that in the face of the seminal changes in the institutional composition of Islam in the country, the state's extant framework for the governance of religions is not sustainable and needs to be thoroughly overhauled if it wants to adequately and impartially accommodate Islam in its various forms. [lvb.lt]