Algimanto apygardos štabo bunkerio Šimonių girioje tyrimai

LTLietuvos pokario partizanų Algimanto apygardos štabo bunkeris, vadinamas Montės bunkeriu (vadas Antanas Starkus Montė), į NKVR įtrauktas kaip Lietuvos partizanų kovos ir žūties vieta (UK 25104) (Anykščių r., Svėdasų sen., Ertėjų kaimas). Vadavietė įrengta Šimonių girioje, Priegodo ežero V pakrantėje, 35 m į V nuo kranto. Bunkerio pagrindinės patalpos vietoje ne kartą buvo pastebėtos ženklios nesenų kasimo darbų žymės. Siekdamas ištirti ir užfiksuoti likusias nesuardytas bunkerio konstrukcijas, surinkti radinius, LGGRTC inicijavo bei užsakė archeologinius bunkerio tyrimus. Perkasose bei jų aplinkoje aptikti 3903 radiniai, sietini su bunkerio naudojimo bei jo sunaikinimo laikotarpiu, 1504 jų inventorizuoti kaip ypatieji. Gausiausia radinių-šaudmenų ir sprogmenų grupė: kulkos (294 vienetai), šovinių tūtelės (444 vienetai), šoviniai (270 vienetų), rankinių granatų detalės (64 vienetai). Jie buvo kelių tipų-šautuviniai (Mauser, Mosin), pistoletiniai (TT, Parabellum ir kitokie), signalinių raketų, medžiokliniai. Aptikta rankinių granatų RG–42 nuleidimo svirčių, žiedų, sprogdiklių dalių. Viena granata surasta be nuleidimo svirties ir žiedo, tačiau nesprogusi. Šaunamųjų ginklų detalių aptikti 2 vienetai, uniformų ir aprangos detalių-49, higienos priemonių-16, medicininių priemonių-40, virtuvės reikmenų-19, buities reikmenų-152, konstruktyvinių bunkerio vidaus įrangos detalių-30, stiklo gaminių-86, keramikos dirbinių-38. [...]. [Iš teksto, p. 518, 522-523]

ENIn 2015, the Lithuanian partisans’ Algimantas district staff bunker, known as Montė’s bunker (after Commander Antanas Starkus-Montė) (Ertėjai village, Anykščiai district, E Lithuania) was investigated. The headquarters had been created 35 m to the W of the W shore of lake Priegodas in Šimonys pine forest. Signs of recent digging have been observed more than once at the site of the bunker’s main room. In an effort to investigate and record the bunker’s surviving, undestroyed structures and to collect finds, the LGGRTC initiated and ordered the archaeological investigation of the bunker. The excavation of trench 1, which was 7x1.5 m, at the site of bunker’s SW entrance showed that it had been a tunnel opening into the bunker’s main room. The entrance had been 5.5 m long and 80 cm wide. A 1.1 x 0.8 m niche had been created in one of the tunnel’s walls. The excavation of trench 2, a 5.3x5 m rectangle, at the site of the largest pit, which marked the bunker’s main room established that the room had been a 4.7x4.7 m (a total of 22.09 m2 ) square and had had a stove and a well lined with ceramic pipe. The excavation of trench 3, which was 14x1.5 m, at the site of the bunker’s NE entrance determined that it had also been a tunnel, 13.8 m long and up to 80 cm wide. A 1.2x0.7 m latrine had been created in one of the tunnel’s walls. The construction of all of the bunker’s rooms had been similar. The walls consisted of planks placed behind vertical uprights. The plank floor had been laid on thick beams.3903 finds connected with the period of the bunker’s use or destruction were collected in the trenches or in their vicinity. 1504 of them were small finds. Ammunition and explosive devices comprised the most abundant group: bullets (294), cartridge cases (444), cartridges (270), and hand grenade parts (64). There were several types of bullets, cartridge cases, and cartridges: rifle (Mauser, Mosin-Nagant), pistol (TT, Luger, etc.), signal rocket, and hunting. Levers, rings, and detonator pieces from RG–42 hand grenades were discovered. One grenade was found unexploded, but without its lever and pin. Two firearm parts, 49 uniform and clothing elements, 16 hygiene products, 40 medical articles, 19 kitchen wares, 152 household items, 30 interior structural elements from the bunker, 86 glass articles, and 38 pieces of pottery were discovered. Some (285) of the glass articles, mostly bottle shards, and some of the pottery (173), and body sherds from earthenware pitchers were treated as bulk finds as were all of the mass-produced nails (659), curved wire fragments of uniform diameter (90 pieces that apparently broke off of a single spool), fragments of unidentified non-ferrous metal artefacts (363), small fragments of unidentified iron artefacts (196), fragments of ceramic melioration pipes (137), bricks and brick fragments (460), wooden supporting boards for the stove (5), and animal bones (33). [From the publication]