Naujos akmens amžiaus gyvenvietės Varėnos rajone

LT2015 m. buvo vykdomi archeologiniai žvalgymai ir žvalgomieji tyrimai Varėnos rajone. Šių tyrimų metu žvalgytos Merkio pakrantės tarp Senosios Varėnos ir Salovartės bei tarp Maskaukos ir Paakmenės kaimų. Šios teritorijos dabar yra visiškai apaugusios mišku, todėl paviršinių radinių beveik nerasta. Varėnos rajono P dalyje surastos dvi naujos akmens amžiaus gyvenvietės (Rudnios–Ūlos ežero ir Dubičių). Abiejų gyvenviečių teritorijos labai nukentėjo nuo žmogaus ūkinės veiklos: Rudnios–Ūlos ežero gyvenvietėje įrenginėjant poilsiavietę buvo nukastas viršutinis žemės sluoksnis, o Dubičių gyvenvietės V dalis tarybiniu laikotarpiu buvo suardyta statant gyvulininkystės kompleksą. Pastaraisiais metais V pakraštys ardomas eksploatuojant savavališką karjerą. Tyrimų metu taip pat buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti galimą kultūrinio sluoksnio pobūdį, jo išlikimo laipsnį bei paplitimo teritoriją. [...]. [Iš teksto, p. 432]

ENIn 2015, a field survey and evaluation were conducted in Varėna district. The banks of the Merkys between Senoji Varėna and Salovartė and between Maskauka and Paakmenė villages and the district’s SE periphery were surveyed. Two new stone age settlements were discovered and it is recommended that both be included in the NKVR. Lake Rudnia–Ūla old settlement is to the SW–W of the shore of lake Ūla. A fairly steep, roughly 4.5–5.5 m high part of the lake’s SW–W shore was selected for the settlement. This part of the shore forms a sort of thick peninsula jutting into the lake. The terrace projection/settlement’s surface was almost level and flat. The settlement occupies a roughly 100–110x60 m, forested area. This object should be ascribed to the non stratified multi period sandy site type. In 2015, after an official campsite began to be created in the settlement’s territory, the settlement’s N side was very badly damaged. In the walls of several deeper pits, the following stratigraphy was observed: on top was a 10–23 cm thick layer of turf and sandy forest soil, under which lay a 10–25 cm thick layer of brown sand, i.e. the settlement’s cultural layer, followed by yellowish whitish natural sand. In the severely disturbed areas abundant surface finds of flint, including abundant flakes, isolated blades, and several artefacts and cores were collected. The discovered flint finds date to the mesolithic-neolithic. Several sherds of partly thrown pottery and brick fragments were also found.Dubičiai old settlement is on the SE periphery of the town of Dubičiai. A sandy, broad ridge (?) on the N shore of former lake Pelesa was selected for the settlement. The settlement’s territory was heavily damaged by a stock-raising complex that operated in the 1960s-1980s and a recent illegal quarry. At present the severely damaged settlement occupies a roughly 160x50-100 m, forested area. This object should be ascribed to the non-stratified multi-period sandy site type. In surveying the slopes of this quarry in 2015, it was determined that the settlement’s cultural layer has survived and is 10–55 cm thick. The following stratigraphy was observed in the quarry’s sides and in the walls of the pits that were dug: On top was a 15–22 cm thick layer of turf and sandy grey forest soil, under which lay a 10–55 cm thick layer of brown grey sand, which is the settlement’s cultural layer, followed by yellowish whitish natural sand. The remains of a roughly 1 m diameter, up to 60 cm deep sunken hearth filled with grey charcoally sand were identified in the central part of the quarry’s scarp. Abundant sherds of hand built earthenware vessels with organic temper and isolated flint finds were discovered on the hearth’s NW periphery. The flint and pottery finds discovered in the settlement date it to the mesolithic-middle neolithic. [From the publication]