Your heart is where your roots are? Place attachment and belonging among Polish and Lithuanian returnees

ENThe reintegration of return migrants has been an important issue in migration studies for several decades. While much research has been done to identify returnees’ strategies and their labour market situation in their country of origin, little attention has been devoted to their attachment, especially in quantitative studies. This paper seeks to address this gap, analysing predictors of place attachment and belonging among Polish and Lithuanian returnees from the United Kingdom. We consider autobiographical factors connected to migration history and time spent in a place; relational factors linked to social networks, bonds and contacts; cultural factors connected to feeling “at home”; and economic and welfare factors primarily linked to economic stability and job opportunities. Our analysis is based on a web survey of Polish and Lithuanian returnees conducted in 2020 (n=740). The results reveal that the infuence of autobiographical, cultural and relational determinants on returnees’ attachment is greater than the infuence of their labour market position. Keywords: Return migration, Place attachment, Belonging, Polish migrants, Lithuanian migrants. [From the publication]