ENNongovernmental organizations (NGOs), operating through the initiative of people, are valuable resources in contemporary economies and have grown rapidly worldwide; however, the development of NGOs in post-Soviet countries has been slower in more economically developed European countries. NGOs did not exist under the Soviet regime and only emerged in post-Soviet countries after the restoration of their independence. According to imprinting theory, when institutions are created within a new environment, they are still affected by previous knowledge, attitudes, and specific behavioral patterns. Relying on imprinting theory, our qualitative retrospective study explores the imprints of the Soviet regime and their manifestations in the development of NGOs in Lithuania in the post-Soviet period. Findings from semi-structured interviews with 30 creators and developers of early NGOs in Lithuania show that despite the new democratic norms being legitimized, many imprints of the Soviet period influenced the development of NGOs. While many negative manifestations are noted, we also find essential motivating factors that acted as impetuses for NGO development during the first decade after the restoration of independence in Lithuania. Keywords: non-governmental organizations; imprints; Lithuania; Soviet. [From the publication]