Tarmių vieta XXI amžiaus Lietuvoje

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Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Knygos dalis / Part of the book
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Tarmių vieta XXI amžiaus Lietuvoje
Alternative Title:
Place of dialects in Lithuania of the 21st century
Authors:
Ramonienė, Meilutė
In the Book:
Sociolingvistinė Lietuvos panorama: gyventojų kalbinės nuostatos ir kalbinis elgesys / mokslinė redaktorė Meilutė Ramonienė. Vilnius : Vilniaus universiteto leidykla, 2022. P. 183-205, 295-296
Subject Category:
LT
Lietuva (Lithuania); Kalbos vartojimas. Sociolingvistika / Language use. Sociolinguistics; Tarmės. Dialektai. Dialektologija / Dialects. Dialectology.
Summary / Abstract:

LTŠio skyriaus tikslas yra išanalizuoti, ką rodo naujausi mūsų projekto duomenys, kaip kalbinės nuostatos tarmių atžvilgiu matomos trečiojo XXI a. dešimtmečio pradžioje, kokios galėtų būti tarmių gyvybingumo ir išlikimo perspektyvos. Čia analizuojami kognityvinis, emocinis ir elgesio kalbinių nuostatų komponentai, atsiskleidžiantys nagrinėjant tiek kiekybinius, tiek kokybinius projekto sukauptus duomenis. [Iš straipsnio, p. 183]

ENThis chapter analyses language attitudes towards dialects, compares the latest project data with the research material collected in Lithuanian towns a decade ago, studies quantitative and qualitative data, and analyses the cognitive, affective and behavioural components of language attitudes, which reveal perspectives on the vitality and survival of dialects observed at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century. Referring to the three components of attitudes, it can be noted that very positive evaluations are associated with cognitive and affective levels. As previous studies show, dialects are often seen as a great national, cultural and historical treasure worth preserving, and it makes sense to encourage young people to use dialects. A significant number of respondents do not support the idea that dialects have lost their value and place in the modern world. Based on the results of our study and a comparison with previous studies, it can be stated that the boundaries of the social contexts recognised as appropriate for the use of dialects are slightly expanding, assigning more spaces for dialects in more public interactions. Compared to previous studies, dialects tend to get more of a place in the semi-public and public spheres: communication with unfamiliar people or in business, science, the media and political life. It should be noted that more tolerant attitudes towards dialects are observed in the group of younger respondents, which correlates with similar trends of more liberal language attitudes in some foreign countries. Traditionally, men tend to express more favourable attitudes towards the use of dialects compared to women.As in many other studies in different countries, positive emotions are associated with dialects. Dialects are considered as an attractive code that allows for more colourful expressions of thoughts and warm emotional shades. They also perform a function of solidarity, increase social proximity, and strengthen social connections between individuals and the community. Moreover, dialects are associated with a group identity and social attractiveness of their speakers. Despite the cognitive and affective components of language attitudes revealed in the positive light, the relationship between these aspects and the behavioural component is questionable. The research shows that slightly more than half of the population in Lithuania (53.7%) speak dialects, the knowledge of dialects is decreasing, and the proportion of dialect speakers in the groups of youngest population is shrinking. Age emerges as one of the main factors determining proficiency in a dialect. A comparison of proficiency in a dialect among different age groups in 2020 and a decade ago shows that there are fewer young dialect speakers now than there were in 2010, and proportionally more dialect speakers are observed in the oldest age group. Among those who know the dialect, some do not use it at all because most frequently they have no one with whom or nowhere in which to communicate in the dialect code, and still a larger number say that they rarely use their dialect. Therefore, positive beliefs and feelings are not necessarily sufficient motives that influence linguistic behaviour and encourage dialect maintenance. As previous studies have shown, the dialects remain most vibrant in the ethnographic region of Žemaitija, with Aukštaitija taking the second place. In the regions of Suvalkija, and especially Dzūkija, the dialects are learned and used much less often, so there is a more urgent danger of the dialect disappearing. [From the publication p. 295-296]

Subject:
Kalbotyra / Linguistics
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https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/107436
Updated:
2024-04-23 19:46:29
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