ENThis article focuses on the forcible taking away of cultural valuables from Vilnius to Russia in the nineteenth to first half of the twentieth century, Lithuania's and Poland's attempts to reclaim them, and Russia's opposite position - not to give them back. The author discusses more widely the following aspects: 1) groups of cultural valuables taken away from Vilnius to Russia in the nineteenth to first half of the twentieth century; 2) the way the Lithuanian-Polish conflict over Vilnius affected the cultural valuables reclamation process; 3) the results of the valuables reclamation action. [From the publication]