ENThe article is devoted to the tax structure in Grodno in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The attention is paid to the tax structure, tax collection, tax exemption, and tax related court cases. Monarchs and nobility determined the tax structure in the country. The townspeople did not take part economic legislation. The cities and towns were controlled by auditing. The townspeople had to defend their economic interests. The analyzed documents show that the economic situation in Grodno was the same as in the whole country. The taxes were collected from the town. Because of diferent difficulties townspeople could not pay taxes in time especially in the second half of the seventeenth century. The courts heard the cases against townspeople as well as the tax collectors and officials. The key words: Grodno, taxes, economy, inventories of the town. [From the publication]