ENThe principle of independence of the judicial system was developed in the 19th century in the Western European legal tradition and gave rise to the creation of a specific internal judicial control based judicial control mechanism for judgements, which we find today in the doctrine of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It is telling that as the Lithuania was strengthening the sustainability of its statehood with national legal institutes in the 1990s, this specific mechanism that evolved in the First Republic (1918-1940) was considered to be exemplary as the judiciary itself. And recently, when dealing with the problems of the length of the proceedings, the workload of courts, the efficiency of work, and the rights of citizens and humans, its functioning is surprising and is still being returned to. Despite the complicated historical circumstances of the early 20th century, when Lithuania was forming the state, the legal system created in it was already applying and applies today solutions that remain relevant. Key words: judicial system, the history of the courts, judicial control for judgements. [From the publication]