EN“Whitehorn’s Windmill” is considered to be the most outstanding work of Kazys Boruta and one of the most important Lithuanian novels of the 20th century. The book was written during World War II when the Lithuanian state became the object of aggression of two totalitarian powers and lost independence for a long time, and it has grown from the writer’s anxiety about the fate of his country and the persistence of Lithuanian identity. Hence, Boruta reached for the rich resources of the native folklore, to evoke the mythologized image of the Lithuanian village, which in Lithuanian literature has the rank of chronotope, and at the same time, it is an important component of Lithuanian imagination about the sources of national culture. The story, the meaning and functions of the “Whitehorn’s Windmill,” its genesis and post-war fate, its literary and non-literary contexts, as well as the history of its reception, allow us to interpret the work from the perspective of reflection on literature as a medium of cultural memory. Keywords: “Whitehorn’s Windmill”, Kazys Boruta, literature as a medium of memory, cultural memory, folk culture. [From the publication]