ENThe text focuses on cooperation between the leaders of the Belarusian and the Lithuanian national movements in Vilna (Vilnius) during the Revolution of 1905–1907, reflected, in particular, on the pages of the first Belarusian newspapers published since 1906 in Vilna. Belarusian activists often spoke on behalf of Belarus and Lithuania, thus continuing the historical tradition of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, in the revival of which they saw the future of Belarus and Lithuania. Keywords: Belarus, Belarusians, Lithuania, Lithuanians, nation, identity, language, newspaper, Nasza Dola, Nasza Niwa. [From the publication]