ENThe China-Lithuania trade war launched by Beijing in 2021 is an unprecedented event in recent history - for the first time since its admission to the World Trade Organization (WTO), China has decided overnight to essentially completely sever trade ties with a country that is not only a member of the organization, but also of the European Union (EU). The scale of China's actions clearly indicates the non-economic motivations driving decision-makers in Beijing. This article attempts to answer the question of the causes of the conflict in question - both on the Lithuanian and Chinese side - as well as its potential implications for the health of Lithuania's economy. The authors also briefly characterize the attitude of other countries - members of the EU and the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO) - to Beijing's actions against Lithuania. Keywords: China, Lithuania, sanctions, Taiwan, trade. [From the publication]