ENThe article describes the Polish literature in Lithuania since 1990 and the environment that created it. By presenting Polish poets from different generations, the topics of their poems were discussed. The reasons for the weakness of Polish culture in Lithuania were also diagnosed; they lie in a lack of Polish scholars (‘intelligentsia’) after World War II or in the poor economic situation of the region where the vast majority of Poles live. Nevertheless, the Polish community has attempted to break out of the existing limitations in recent years. For instance, the poetry group Nowa Awangarda Wileńska [New Vilnius Avantgarde] was founded, the novel Cień słońca [The shadow of the sun] and the collection of short stories Thriller po wileńsku [Thriller Vilnius style] were published. These events led to a different representation of Polishness in Lithuania than before. [From the publication]