Vilniaus monetų kalyklos skaičiavimo žetonai: nauji radiniai ir žetonų paskirtis

LTŠio straipsnio tikslas - pristatyti keturis naujus Vilniaus monetų kalyklos skaičiavimo žetonų radinius, pateikti glaustą informaciją apie ankstesnius analogiškų žetonų radinius, nurodyti visas Lietuvoje žinomas Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės žetonų radimo vietas ir išsiaiškinti galimas žetonų kaldinimo priežastis. [Iš straipsnio, p. 134 ]

ENDuring the archaeological excavations carried out in Vilnius in 2014-2018, four Vilnius Mint counters were discovered: those of Stanislaw Miloszewski (1555), Demetry Chalecki (1594) and two of Jan Hlebowicz (1582). Chalecki’s 1594 counter had not been known until then. All in all, twenty units of Vilnius Mint counter finds are currently known in Lithuania. It has been determined that counters owned by grand treasurers of Lithuania - characterized by great variety and abundant finds - were not intended for personal needs but were rather distributed to officialsin charge ofthe collection ofthe Treasury. The counters of Sigismund August were used for the same purpose; however, they were intended not for treasurers ofthe Grand Duchy ofLithuania but rather for those who took care ofthe finances ofthe estates ofthe grand duke. A large number ofJan Lutomirskis counter finds could be explained by the fact that he was also a treasurer of the Crown (1548-1567), so counters were needed not only for his personal needs but also to distribute to officials who were responsible for the collection and accounting ofthe Treasury ofthe Crown. Counters for personal use were only made to those persons who were not related to the Treasury and, currently, only single variants of such counters are known. Counters also served a secondary purpose - those ofthem that no longer served their direct purpose were often worn as amulets. [From the publication]