"Lietuvos", "lietuvių" ar "lietuviškas skalikas": pavadinimų vartojimo problematika

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Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
"Lietuvos", "lietuvių" ar "lietuviškas skalikas": pavadinimų vartojimo problematika
Alternative Title:
"Lietuvos", "lietuvių" or "lietuviškas skalikas": problems of using dog breed names
Authors:
In the Journal:
Terminologija. 2023, 30, p. 72-94
Subject Category:
LT
Terminija / Terminology; Vietovardžiai. Toponimai / Toponyms; Leksikografija / Lexicography.
Summary / Abstract:

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama, dėl kokių priežasčių galėjo atsirasti visuomenėje ir žiniasklaidoje kartais vartojami nacionalinės šunų veislės pavadinimai "Lietuvos skalikas" ir "lietuviškas skalikas", nors kinologijoje yra nusistovėjęs terminas "lietuvių skalikas". Šiam tikslui pasiekti buvo išnagrinėti 283 veislių pavadinimai, jie suklasifikuoti į keturias grupes ir buvo patikrinta, ar esama kokios nors šunų veislių pavadinimų sistemos. Nustatyta, su kokio tipo šalutiniais dėmenimis sudaromi kiti Lietuvos kinologijos srities terminai. Siekiant sužinoti Lietuvoje išveistų gyvūnų įvardijimo tendencijas, pavadinimai patikrinti oficialiuose valdžios institucijų šaltiniuose. Taip pat straipsnyje trumpai aptariama tarptautinė šunų veislių pavadinimų sistema, kad būtų nustatyta, ar ji galėjo turėti įtakos lietuviškajai tradicijai. Esminiai žodžiai: kinologijos terminija, šunų veislių pavadinimai, toponimai, etnonimai, variacijos. [Iš leidinio]

ENLately, a number of works on Lithuanian terminology have been dedicated to the general principles and the terms of individual fields, but the terms of cynology have not yet received the attention of Lithuanian researchers. In Lithuania, indigenous animal breeds receive very little attention and are not well known to the general public. Cynologists and enthusiasts of the only Lithuanian dog breed have noticed that this breed is called differently – "lietuvių skalikas", "Lietuvos skalikas", or "lietuviškas skalikas" – in the media and other sources. If the name of a dog breed is seen as a term in the field of cynology, it should be unique to the concept. Synonymy is one of the shortcomings of terminology, but it is usually unavoidable in practice for a variety of reasons, e.g., linguistic-cognitive or extra-linguistic factors, and it can also occur after the terminology of a particular field has been established. Naturally, it is difficult to avoid unwanted synonyms in a field as broad and close to society as cynology. The authors identified the reasons for the emergence of the variety of the names for this dog breed: "lietuvių skalikas", "Lietuvos skalikas", or "lietuviškas skalikas". They also discuss the differences between them, and which of the names should still be used. For this purpose, 283 dog breed names in total were selected from the latest catalogues of international dog shows of the Lithuanian Cynological Society and classified into three groups. The authors also checked if a system for naming dog breeds was available. Not only the names of dogs, but also those of other animals (horses, pigs, etc.) that have been bred in Lithuania are studied to determine the place of lietuvių skalikas in the general system. In official government sources, it is customary to use the word Lietuvos in the names of domestic animal breeds originating in Lithuania, so the name "lietuvių skalikas&quo.This usage can be explained by the internal procedures of the authorities: apparently by an attempt to create an orderly system, probably also influenced by translations from/into the languages used within the European Union, and by disregarding the traditional use of the term in the field of cynology, where lietuvių skalikas has been used for a long time. In the field of cynology, there is an orderly system of dog breeds with rare exceptions (not only in Lithuanian, but also in English, French, and German). The use of countries in breed names is discouraged, and most toponyms in breed names are those of regions, mountains, towns, valleys, etc., whereas there are only a few other cases where the name of a country is used, which can usually be explained. Thus, there is no reason for such a breed name as "Lietuvos skalikas". The less common "lietuviškas skalikas" should not be considered a cynological term at all and should not be used to describe the breed name as the adjective is not part of the term but merely allows for clarification of the information given. "Lietuvos skalikas" and "lietuviškas skalikas" are most likely communicative variations that occur due to communication between different participants in this process, i.e., the specialists in the respective field (cynologists, etc.) and non-specialists. Keywords: cynology, dog breed names, toponyms, ethnonyms, variations. [From the publication]

DOI:
10.35321/term30-4
ISSN:
1392-267X; 2669-2198
Subject:
Kalbotyra / Linguistics
Related Publications:
Permalink:
https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/106309
Updated:
2024-02-29 21:02:54
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